The balance specific exercise is an integral part of physiotherapy programmes for the improvement and maintenance of functional mobility of older persons and persons with various impairments of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The purpose of this article is to present a model of multi-component balance specific exercise. This exercise programme is based on the system model of motor control and motor learning theory. The presented model of exercise programme promotes six systems involved in balance control: neuromuscular synergies, sensory synergies, musculoskeletal component, stability during movement, cognitive component and the environment. For the implementation of the above described model most suitable organisational form is the circuit training that allows the adjustment of the emphasise according to the needs and functional level of the group. Evidence-based multicomponent balance specific exercise is effective for maintaining and improving balance and reducing the risk factors for falls. With circuit training a number of different components can be simultaneously addressed in one training unit. For its effectiveness, it is necessary to provide sufficient exercise frequency and duration.
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