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Proučevanje vpliva nanocevk titanovega dioksida na morfologijo mitohondrijev pljučnih epitelijskih celic
ID Pušnik, Mojca (Author), ID Štrancar, Janez (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Koklič, Tilen (Comentor)

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Abstract
Nanodelci titanovega dioksida (ND TiO2) se zaradi svojih edinstvenih lastnosti pogosto uporabljajo v industriji, vendar pa so posledice izpostavljenosti ND še neraziskane. V splošnem velja, da so ND TiO2 relativno varni, čeprav nekatere študije kažejo, da izpostavljenost ND lahko vpliva na celično delitev, povzroča konstrikcijo jedrne membrane, mitohondrijsko disfunkcijo in apoptozo, kar vodi v različna obolenja, npr. pljučno fibrozo, kronično vnetje in srčnožilna obolenja. Zaradi neraziskanih učinkov ND na celičnem nivoju, smo preučili vpliv nanocevk titanovega dioksida (TiO2NC) na morfologijo mitohondrijev LA4 pljučnih epitelijskih celic, ki smo jih izpostavili nanocevkam. Mitohondrije LA4 celic smo označili s fluorescenčnim barvilom »Mitotracker« in spremljali njihovo morfologijo s pomočjo superločljive STED mikroskopije na osnovi praznjenja vzbujenih stanj, s stimulirano emisijo (»Stimulated Emission Depletion microscopy«). Rezultati izvedenih poskusov kažejo, da TiO2NC predvsem pri nizkih koncentracijah (razmerje med površino celic in površino ND 1:1, 1:10) ne vplivajo na preživetje pljučnih epitelijskih celic in da povzročijo le prehodne spremembe v mitohondrijski morfologiji. Pokazali smo, da je po treh urah inkubacije LA4 celic z različnimi koncentracijami TiO2NC (1:1, 1:10 in 1:100), dolžina mitohondrijev bistveno krajša od negativne kontrole (brez ND) oziroma je podobna pozitivni kontroli (H2O2). Po dveh dnevih inkubacije se morfologija mitohondrijev povrne v prvotno stanje, kljub temu, da so ND še vedno prisotni, kar nakazuje, da se pri dolgotrajni izpostavljenosti nizkim koncentracijam TiO2NC, mitohondrijska mreža povsem obnovi. Celice vzdržujejo integriteto in funkcionalnost mitohondrijev na več načinov: z encimi, antioksidanti, popravljalnimi mehanizmi in indukcijo razpada poškodovanih mitohondrijev, s procesom fuzije in fizije, itd. Rezultati magistrskega dela nakazujejo na mehanizem, ki preprečuje toksične učinke TiO2NC na pljučne epitelijske celice, in sicer z nastankom bionanoagregatov na zunanji celični membrani. Opazili smo namreč, da vzpostavitev prvotne mitohondrijske morfologije sovpada z nastankom bionanoagregatov.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:titanov dioksid, mitohondriji, pljučne epitelijske celice, bionanoagregati, STED
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Organization:FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
Year:2020
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-114470 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:29.02.2020
Views:1584
Downloads:237
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Effect of titanium dioxide nanotubes on the mitochondrial morphology of the lung epithelial cells
Abstract:
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) are frequently used in a wide variety of applications because of their unique properties, but the consequences of exposure remain as-yet-unknown. In general, TiO2NP are relatively safe, however some studies corelate the exposure of nanoparticles with toxic effects, such as altered cell cycle, constriction of nuclear membranes, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, which leads to different diseases (pulmonary fibrosis, chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases). To determine the consequences of TiO2NP exposure on cells, we evaluated the effect of titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2NT) on fluorescently labelled (Mitotracker) mitochondrial network of murine lung epithelial (LA-4) cells, with stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED). STED is based on stimulated emission, which supresses the fluorescent emmision from fluorophores away from the center of excitation. The results show that especialy low concentrations TiO2NT (1:1/ 1:10 cell surface to nanoparticle surface ratio) alter the mitochondrial morphology only transiently. Three hours after incubation of LA4 cells with different concentrations of TiO2NT (1:1/ 1:10/ 1:100), the mitochondria were fragmented and similar to positive control (H2O2), in comparison to negative control, where the length of mitochondria were significantly longer. 48 hours after incubation of LA4 cells with TiO2NT (1:1/ 1:10/ 1:100), we noticed, that at low concentrations of TiO2NT (1:1 and 1:10), the mitochondrial network regenerated, even though nanoparticles were still present. Cells maintain integrity and functionality of mitochondria with various mechanisms: with antioxidants, repair mechanisms and degradation of defective mitochondria, with fission and fusion of the mitochondrial network. Our results show one more mechanism, which prevents toxic effects of TiO2NT: production of bionanoagregates on the outer cell membrane. We have observed that the establishment of the original mitochondrial morphological structure coincides with the formation of bionanoaggregates.

Keywords:titanium dioxide, mitochondria, lung epithelial cells, bionanoagregates, STED

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