Motivacija srednješolcev ljubljanske in goriške regije za telesno dejavnost : diplomsko delo

Krapež, Tina (author), Hiti, Nina (mentor), Kvas, Andreja (co-mentor)

Uvod: Motivacija je osebna karakteristika in je eden od ključnih dejavnikov za razumevanje, zakaj so nekateri ljudje telesno dejavni v svojem prostem času. Poznavanje motivov mladih za telesno dejavnost je pomembno za spodbujanje in povečanje količine gibanja med mladimi v vsakdanjem življenju. Namen: Namen raziskave je oceniti stopnjo motiviranosti za telesno dejavnost in poiskati motive za telesno dejavnost med srednješolci ljubljanske in goriške regije ter ugotoviti, ali obstaja povezava med stopnjo motiviranosti za telesno dejavnost in spolom, regijo šolanja in vrsto izobraževalnega programa. Želeli smo ugotoviti tudi povprečno količino telesne dejavnosti na teden. Metode dela: Uporabili smo neeksperimentalno deskriptivno kvantitativno metodo raziskovanja, zbiranje podatkov je potekalo z uporabo anketnega vprašalnika. V raziskavo so bili vključeni dijaki in dijakinje iz ljubljanske in goriške regije, uporabili smo tehniko vzorčenja klastrov. Anketiranje je bilo anonimno. Anketiranci so ocenjevali stopnjo motiviranosti na lestvici od 1 do 7. Temu vprašalniku smo dodali še vprašanja o povprečni tedenski količini visoke in zmerne telesne dejavnosti. Rezultati: Anketirane srednješolce in srednješolke bolj motivirajo ekstrinzični motivi telesne pripravljenosti (x Ż = 4,72, s = 1,52) in zunanjega videza (x Ż = 4,40, s = 1,58) kot pa intrinzični motivi, zajeti v sklopih družabno življenje (x Ż = 3,08, s = 1,39), kompetence/veščine (x Ż = 4,11, s = 1,56) in užitek (x Ż = 4,23, s = 1,65). Pri motivu družabnega življenja je glede na povprečne vrednosti opazna največja razlika med spoloma. Testiranje hipotez s testom hi-kvadrat je pokazalo, da ne moremo trditi, da obstaja statistično pomembna povezava med stopnjo motivacije za telesno dejavnost in spolom, regijo šolanja in vrsto izobraževalnega programa. Podatki o povprečni tedenski količini telesne dejavnosti kažejo, da 51 % vseh anketiranih dijakov in dijakinj ne dosega priporočene količine telesne dejavnosti na teden, ki jo priporoča Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija. Razprava in zaključek: Anketirani dijaki so bolj intrinzično motivirani, anketirane dijakinje pa ekstrinzično, kar se sklada z ugotovitvami drugih raziskav. Analiza podatkov količine telesne dejavnosti, ki jo dijaki in dijakinje izvajajo tedensko, je pričakovano pokazala, da je količina visoko intenzivne telesne dejavnosti manjša od količine zmerne telesne dejavnosti. Potrebne bi bile nadaljnje raziskave na večjih vzorcih in raziskave motivov dijakov in dijakinj, ki so telesno dejavni le rekreativno, in tistih, ki se s športom ukvarjajo tekmovalno, da bi razumeli, kako pristopiti do posameznih skupin. Razumevanje, kaj motivira posameznike za katero koli vrsto telesne dejavnosti, je kompleksno, a zelo pomembno, če želimo krivuljo količine telesne dejavnosti med mladimi dvigniti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, intrinzična motivacija, ekstrinzična motivacija, športna aktivnost, dijaki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Kapež]
• Year: 2020
• Number of pages: 29 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113763
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5776491
• Publication date in RUL: 01.02.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Motivation of high school students in Ljubljana and Gorica region for physical activity : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Motivation is a personal characteristic and one of the key factors of understanding why some people are active during their free time and some of them are not. Knowing what motivates teenagers to be physically active is vital, if we want to encourage them to be more active in everyday life. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the level of motivation to be physically active using Likart scale and find the motives for doing so among high school students in Ljubljana and Nova Gorica region. We were looking for differences between genders, regions and high school programs. We also wanted to learn about their average amount of physical activity during the week. Methods: We used the non experimental descriptive quantitative method of work and collected data with a questionnaire. The students included in the research were from Ljubljana and Nova Gorica region. We used cluster sampling and the polling was anonymous. They had to evaluate their level of motivation on a scale from 1 to 7. We added questions about the average weekly amount of physical activity the students participate in. Results: The high school students in our sample are more motivated by the extrinsic motives such as fitness (M = 4,72, SD = 1,52) and appearance (M = 4,40, SD = 1,58) than the intrinsic motives like social engagement (M = 3,08, SD = 1,39), competence (M = 4,11, SD = 1,56) and interest/enjoyment (M = 4,23, SD = 1,65). The biggest difference between genders based on averages is seen in motif of social engagement. The comparison of Ljubljana and Nova Gorica region has not shown any statistically significant differences. Hypotheses testing with Chi square test showed that we cannot claim that there is a statistically important connection between the level of motivation for physical activity and gender, region and school programs. The data on average weekly amount of physical activity shows that 51 % of all high school students questioned do not reach the amount of physical activity recommended by World Health Organization. Discussion and conclusion: The boys are more intrinsically motivated and the girls extrinsically, which matches the conclusions from various other researches. As expected, the data analysis of average weekly amount of physical activity among high school students showed that the amount of vigorous physical activity is lower than the amount of moderate physical activity. Further research on larger samples is necessary and it could also include the differences in motives between students who are exercising just for fun and the ones who are competing in different sports. The understanding of motives for any physical activity is complex but extremely important if we want to increase the amount of physical activity among teenagers.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, physical activity, high school students