Pravni vidiki izkoriščanja mineralnih surovin v Sloveniji

Šubara, Aljaž (author), Pličanič, Senko (mentor)

Celoten družbeni in siceršnji razvoj človeštva je bil ves čas neposredno povezan z izkoriščanjem naravnih virov. Skozi čas so se spreminjala le orodja, s katerimi je človek izkoriščal naravno bogastvo. Slednja so postajala vedno bolj učinkovita. Sodobni stroji in naprave omogočajo izredno obširne posege v okolje, s ciljem v čim krajšem času pridobiti čim večjo količino mineralne surovine. Država v pravni ureditvi, katere temelj je njeno lastništvo mineralnih surovin, postavlja omejitve in pogoje tistim pravnim in fizičnim osebam, ki že zakonito izkoriščajo naravne vire, tistim, ki imajo namen pričeti izkoriščati, sankcije pa tistim pravnim in fizičnim osebam, ki naravne vire nezakonito izkoriščajo. Cilj navedene pravne ureditve je tudi varovanje našega življenjskega prostora. Splošne pravne akte, ki pravno urejajo izkoriščanje mineralnih surovin, sem opisal v tretjem poglavju. V tretjem poglavju so navedeni pravni mehanizmi, s katerimi država varuje okolje, oziroma omejitve in pogoji, ki jih morajo potencialni investitorji upoštevati, preden se jim dovoli izkoriščanje mineralnih surovin. V tem delu opisujem postopek pridobitve rudarske pravice, nadzor nad izvajanjem rudarske pravice in postopek prenehanja izkoriščanja mineralnih surovin. V tem poglavju je opredeljeno tudi delovanje države v primeru nezakonitega izkoriščanja mineralnih surovin. Glede na to, da živim v občini Litija, sem opisal tudi problem opuščenega rudnika Sitarjevec, ki je prenehal delovati še v času, ko obstoječa pravna ureditev ni bila v veljavi in ob zapiranju niso bili upoštevani kriteriji, kot jih določa sedanja ureditev na tem področju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: izkoriščanje mineralnih surovin, varovanje okolja, rudarska zakonodaja, ekološko pravo, rudnik Sitarjevec
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2020
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113760
• COBISS.SI-ID: 17209169
• Publication date in RUL: 01.02.2020

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Legal aspects of mineral exploitation in Slovenia

Abstract

The entire social and overall development of mankind has constantly been linked directly to the exploitation of natural resources. Throughout time, only the tools to exploit natural resources have changed and become more and more effective. Modern machinery and equipment enable extensive environmental interventions, with the aim to obtain as many and as much mineral resources as possible in the shortest possible span of time. State’s legal framework, which represents the base for states ownership of mineral resources, imposes restrictions and conditions on those, who already legally exploit natural resources or who intend to start exploiting as well as defines sanctions for those exploiting natural resources illegally. The aim of the regulation is also to protect our living environment. I described the general legal acts governing the exploitation of mineral resources in Chapter Three. In this particular chapter there are exposed the legal mechanisms, by which the state protects the environment or in other words there are counted restrictions and conditions that potential investors ought to consider before they could be allowed to exploit mineral resources. In this chapter I describe the process of acquiring the mining right, the supervision of mining right, and the process of ceasing the exploitation of mineral resources. In this chapter I also define the state's action in the case of illegal exploitation of mineral resources. Since I live in Litija, I chose to describe the problem of the abandoned Sitarjevec mine, which ceased to operate at a time, when the existing legal framework has not yet been in force and at the closing time the criteria set by the current regulation in this area were not respected.

• Keywords: exploitation of mineral resources, protection of the environment, mining legislation, environmental law, the Sitarjevec mine