Vpliv grafičnih in strukturnih dejavnikov na razumevanje vizualizacije podatkov

Bric, Nika (author), Pušnik, Nace (mentor)

Z vecˇanjem kolicˇine podatkov in njihovega pomena na vseh podrocˇjih se povecˇuje tudi potreba po ucˇinkoviti predstavitvi podatkov, cˇemur se lahko približamo z vizualizacijo podatkov. Pri eksperimentu smo želeli preveriti, kako na razumevanje prikazanih podatkov vplivajo razlicˇni nacˇini predstavitev ter njihovi graficˇni elementi. Testirali smo ucˇinkovitost predstavitve podatkov v preglednici v primerjavi z razlicˇnimi nacˇini vizualizacije podatkov. Poleg tega smo testirali tudi vpliv uposˇtevanja priporocˇil o uporabi barve v vizualizacijah. Seznam priporocˇil smo za potrebe eksperimenta sestavili na podlagi obstojecˇe literature. Pri eksperimentu je sodelovalo 37 sˇtudentov Naravoslovnotehnisˇke fakultete, ki so videli tri sete podatkov, od katerih je bil eden prikazan v preglednici, dva pa v vizualizacijah. Ena od vizualizacij je uposˇtevala priporocˇila za uporab barv, druga ne. Študenti so bili razdeljeni v tri skupine, da je bil lahko vsak izmed setov podatkov prikazan na vse tri nacˇine. Ob prikazu podatkov so testiranci odgovorili na vprasˇanja, ki so se nanasˇala na prikazane podatke, pri tem pa smo merili njihovo smer pogleda. Ucˇinkovitost predstavitve podatkov smo merili s sˇtevilom napak pri odgovarjanju, hitrostjo odgovarjanja (merjeno od odgovora na prejsˇnje vprasˇanje ali od cˇasa prikaza predstavitve) ter s sˇtevilom in cˇasom trajanja fiksacij. Izkazalo se je, da je vpliv na ucˇinkovitost odvisen od posameznega primera prikaza in je potrebno izdelavo vizualizacije temu prilagoditi, vendar pa smo v povprecˇju pri vseh metrikah ugotovili pozitiven vpliv vizualizacije ter uporabe priporocˇil.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: efektivnost vizualizacije, vizualizacija podatkov, zaznava barv
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113102
• Publication date in RUL: 04.12.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Influence of graphical and structural factors on understanding data visualization

Abstract

With increasing amounts of data and its significance in all areas, there is also a growing need to effectively present data – we can attempt that with data visualization. With this experiment we tried to check how understanding of shown data is influenced by different data presentations and their graphical elements. We tested effectiveness of a presentation in a table against different data visualizations. Additionally we also test the effect of following guidelines for use of colour in visualization. We created the list of guidelines based on existing literature for the purposes of this experiment. 37 students of the Natural Sciences and Engineering took part in the experiment. They were shown three datasets, one of which was in a table and two were data visualizations. One visualization followed the colour use guidelines, the other did not. The subjects were divided into three groups, so that each dataset could be shown in all three different ways. While viewing the data presentations they answered questions relating to the data, during which their gaze direction was being tracked. Data presentation effectiveness was being measured using number of wrong answers, speed of answering (measured from time of answering previous question or time of showing the presentation), and number and duration of fixations. We found that the influence on effectiveness depends on specific case and that we need to tailor the visualization accordingly, but on average all metrics showed a positive influence of visualizing data and usage of colour guidelines.

• Keywords: effectiveness of data visualization, data visualization, colour perception