Vloga delovnega terapevta v obravnavi oseb s kronično bolečino v procesu vračanja na delo : diplomsko delo

Brglez, Urška (author), Švajger, Andreja (mentor), Galof, Katarina (co-mentor)

Uvod: Osebe, ki trpijo za kroničnimi bolečinami, ne morejo vzdrževati želenega življenjskega sloga, saj bolečina ovira različne vidike njihovega delovanja, kot so skrb zase, počitek, domača opravila, delo in prosti čas. Delo zagotavlja finančno neodvisnost in varnost, ki jo kronična bolečina lahko ogroža ali pa povzroči prezgodnji odhod s trga dela. Za ohranitev delovne sposobnosti v okviru interdisciplinarne obravnave v procesu vračanja na delo obstaja potreba tudi po učinkoviti delovnoterapevtski obravnavi, ki bi morala biti usmerjena v celostno rehabilitacijo in ne le v lajšanje bolečin. Namen: Z diplomskim delom smo želeli pregledati literaturo, na podlagi katere bi dobili odgovor o vlogi delovnega terapevta v celostni obravnavi oseb s kronično bolečino v procesu vračanju na delo. Metode dela: Uporabljen je bil kvalitativni raziskovalni pristop s pregledom literature, ki je bila objavljena med letoma 2009 in 2019. V analizo so bili vključeni članki, ki smo jih iskali s pomočjo spletnih bibliografskih baz in znanstvenih revij in so bili napisani v slovenskem ali v angleškem jeziku. Rezultati: Najpogostejši modeli, ki so se uporabljali tekom obravnav, navedenih v literaturi, so bili biopsihosocialni model, kanadski model izvajanja dejavnosti in model človekove okupacije. Ocenjevalni instrumenti raziskujejo okoljske dejavnike, ki spodbujajo ali zavirajo proces vračanja na delo, ugotavljajo želje in pričakovanja osebe s kroničnimi bolečinami in raziskujejo njegove delovne naloge. Razprava in zaključek: Rehabilitacijski interdisciplinarni programi za osebe s kronično bolečino, ki vključujejo delovno terapijo in izvajajo ukrepe na delovnem mestu, temeljijo na ergonomskih pristopih in kognitivno vedenjskih načelih ter se štejejo za uspešne, saj spodbujajo funkcionalnost in delovno sposobnost, komunikacijo med strokovnjaki, osebami in delodajalci. Delovni terapevti pomagajo poiskati načine za prilagoditev delovnega okolja, tako da ta ne povečuje intenzitete bolečine, ali pa poiščejo načine za prilagoditev dejavnosti. Raziskava je pokazala, da so delovni terapevti premalokrat vključeni v interdisciplinarni program rehabilitacije oseb s kronično bolečino.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kronične mišično-skeletne težave, delovna terapija, interdisciplinarna obravnava, poklicna rehabilitacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-113068
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5740907
• Publication date in RUL: 01.12.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The occupational therapist's role in the treatment of persons with chronic pain in the process of returning to work : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: People suffering from chronic pain are unable to maintain a satisfactory life style because the pain hinders different aspects of daily living, such as: self-care, leisure, household work, work and rest. Safety, independence and financial stability is gained with having a job, but if a person becomes handicapped because of pain and can't adapt to his work environment it can lead to an early retirement. To maintain financial security, independence and autonomy interdisciplinary treatment should also include occupational therapy which is focused on return to work and not just pain relief. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to review the literature on the role of the occupational therapist in the interdisciplinary treatment of people with chronic pain in the process of return to work. Methods: A qualitative research approach with literature review was used. For review were used articles published between 2009 and 2019. Literature was searched in online bibliographic databases, scientific journals which were written in Slovenian or in English. Results: The most common models used during treatment of people with chronic pain were: biopsychosocial model, Canadian model of occupational performance and model of human occupation. Assessment instruments investigated factors that encourage or inhibit the process of return to work in the home and work environment, investigated the preferences and expectations of the person that suffers chronic pain, and explores their job tasks. Discussion and Conclusion: Interdisciplinary rehabilitation of persons with chronic pain that include occupational therapy and are focused on workplace intervention are based on ergonomic approaches and cognitive behavioural principles are seen as effective because they improve function, work ability and communication among professionals, persons and employers. Occupational therapist provide workplace adaptations that prevent the increase of pain or find the ways to change the work performance. This review however showed that occupational therapist are not sufficiently included in the interdisciplinary support to persons with chronic pain in their return to work process.

• Keywords: musculoskeletal disorders, occupational therapy, interdisciplinary treatment, vocational rehabilitation