Depresivnost in anksioznost pri nosečnicah z nosečnostno sladkorno boleznijo

Munda, Ana (author), Fekonja, Urška (mentor), Pongrac Barlovič, Draženka (comentor)

Glavni namen magistrskega dela je bil oceniti incidenco depresivne in anksiozne simptomatike pri nosečnicah z nosečnostno sladkorno boleznijo (NSB) v 2. in 3. trimesečju nosečnosti ter jo primerjati s kontrolno skupino zdravih nosečnic. Želeli smo preveriti tudi odnos depresivnosti in anksioznosti s socialno oporo in mestom nadzora za zdravje ter ugotoviti povezanost omenjenih konstruktov z urejenostjo glikemije pri nosečnicah z NSB. Raziskava je bila zasnovana vzdolžno, vendar smo zaradi selektivnega osipa vzorca opravili dve ločeni analizi – za vse sodelujoče nosečnice v 2. trimesečju nosečnosti in za sodelujoče v 2. in v 3. trimesečju nosečnosti. V 2. trimesečju nosečnosti je v raziskavi sodelovalo 180 nosečnic, od tega 77 nosečnic z NSB. Kritično mejo pomembne izraženosti depresivne simptomatike je preseglo več nosečnic z NSB (23,4 %) kot zdravih nosečnic (10,7 %). V pomembni izraženosti anksiozne simptomatike med skupinama ni bilo pomembnih razlik. Na vzdolžnem vzorcu 92 nosečnic, od tega 42 nosečnic z NSB, nismo odkrili pomembnih razlik med skupinama v izraženosti depresivnosti ali anksioznosti. Incidenca depresivnosti je bila v 2. in 3. trimesečju nosečnosti podobna znotraj obeh skupin. Nosečnice z višje izraženim zunanjim mestom nadzora za zdravje – pomembni drugi – so imele slabše urejeno glikemijo in so poročale o višje izraženi anksioznosti kot stanju. Zaznana socialna opora se ni pomembno povezovala z urejenostjo glikemije, je pa bila pomembno povezana z občutkom kompetentnosti za obvladovanje NSB. Magistrsko delo predstavlja doslej prvo raziskavo duševnega zdravja nosečnic z NSB v Sloveniji, poleg tega gre za eno redkih vzdolžnih raziskav nosečnic z NSB v svetovnem merilu. Rezultati opozarjajo na potrebo po zgodnjem odkrivanju in zdravljenju duševnih motenj pri nosečnicah z NSB. Zdravljenje in nudenje psihološke pomoči bi lahko pomembno prispevalo k urejenosti NSB in s tem k izboljšanju izidov nosečnosti ter h kvalitetnejšemu življenju nosečnice - ženske in celotne družine.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nosečnostna sladkorna bolezen, depresivnost, anksioznost, nosečnost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111892
• Publication date in RUL: 17.10.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Depression and anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The main aim of master thesis was to assess the incidence of depression and anxiety in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy and to compare this group to the control group of healthy pregnant women. We also wanted to verify if the anxiety, depression, social support and health locus of control are to be connected with the level of glycemic control in pregnant women with GDM. The research was designed longitudinally, however, because of the selective dropout of the sample; we had to perform two separate analyses – for all participating pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, and for all participating women in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. 180 women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy participated, 77 of them had GDM. The results show that the symptoms of depression are significantly more frequent among women with GDM (23,4 %) than among healthy pregnant women (10,7 %). No significant differences of high state and trait anxiety were established between pregnant women with GDM and healthy pregnant women. We didn’t find any significant differences in the occurrence of anxiety or depression in the longitudinal sample of 92 pregnant women with 42 pregnant women with GDM included. The incidence of depression in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy was similar within both groups. Pregnant women with higher external health locus of control – significant others – had worse glycemic control and reported of higher levels of state anxiety. Social support was not significantly related to glycemic control, however, women with higher perception of social support felt more competent for GDM management. The master thesis represents the first mental health research in pregnant women with GDM in Slovenia until now; furthermore it is one of the few longitudinal studies of pregnant women with GDM on a global scale. The results of the study warn us of the need to detect and treat mental illnesses in pregnant women with GDM early on during the pregnancy. The treatment and provision of psychological assistance could significantly contribute to the improvement of GDM management, preventing negative pregnancy outcomes and providing better quality of life for (pregnant) women and the whole family.

• Keywords: gestational diabetes, depression, anxiety, pregnancy