Pojavnost, razširjenost in vzroki poškodb športnih plezalcev : magistrsko delo

Novak, Polona (author), Leskošek, Bojan (mentor), Hadžić, Vedran (co-mentor)

Tako kot z vsakim vrhunskim ali rekreativno usmerjenim športom tudi pri športnem plezanju aktivnost povezujemo s poškodbami. Športno plezanje vključuje tveganje za nastanek poškodbe, lahko tudi smrti. V magistrskem delu smo preučili značilnosti in vzroke poškodb, ki nastanejo zaradi, oziroma med plezanjem. Za dosego zadanih ciljev smo oblikovali vprašalnik, v katerem so plezalci, ki se s plezanjem ukvarjajo najmanj 1 leto, odgovarjali na vprašanja o poškodovanosti v letu 2018 ter o samih značilnostih posameznih poškodb: mehanizem nastanka, anatomska lokacija, tip, resnost, vzrok nastanka, okoliščine nastanka ter tip plezanja med nastankom poškodbe. Prav tako smo z vprašalnikom pridobili tudi ostale informacije in nivo posameznikovega plezanja. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 361 plezalcev. Na podlagi rezultatov smo ugotovili, da je bilo v letu 2018 poškodovanih več kot polovica (204/56,5 %) vključenih plezalcev, ki so poročali o 315 poškodbah. Poškodbe zgornjega uda predstavljajo večino poškodb, roka z zapestjem pa je najpogosteje poškodovana posamezna anatomska lokacija pri plezalcih. Hrbtenica in spodnje okončine se večkrat poškodujejo med balvanskim plezanjem. Številčno največ poškodb, več kot polovica vseh, se je zgodilo med balvanskim plezanjem na umetni plezalni steni. Največ poškodb je bilo akutnih. Velik del poškodb (40 %) je nastalo kot posledica (pre)velike sile na posamezen del telesa, slaba tretjina pa zaradi ponavljajočih obremenjevanj. Poškodbe nastajajo tudi zaradi padca, kjer se najpogosteje poškoduje gleženj. Največ poškodb je bilo hudih (več kot 28 dni počitka). Analiziranje poškodb plezalcev je pomembno, saj lahko vsi, ki imamo opraviti s športnim plezanjem, primerno ukrepamo in znižamo tveganja za nastanek poškodbe, na katera lahko vplivamo. Skladno s hitrim naraščanjem priljubljenosti športnega plezanja narašča tudi število poškodb zaradi plezanja. V prihodnje bo nujno, da se o tipičnih poškodbah plezalcev poduči tudi medicinska stroka, če želi te poškodbe uspešno zdraviti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: športno plezanje, akutna poškodba, kronična poškodba, balvansko plezanje, težavnostno plezanje
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111274
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5612465
• Publication date in RUL: 27.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Incidence, prevelance and causes of climbing related injuries

Abstract

As in any recreational or professional sport also sport climbing is associated with typical injuries. When climbing there is always a chance of injury or even death. In this Master’s thesis we evaluated characteristics and causes of injuries which occur while or because of climbing itself. We formulated a questionnaire with questions about presence of injury in 2018 and about some injury characteristics such as mechanism of injury occurrence, anatomical region of injury, type of injury, severity, cause of injury, circumstances and type of climbing while injury occurred. Other relevant data and information about climbing level was obtained via a questionnaire. There was 361 sport climbers who participated in this study. The research shows that more than half (204/56.5%) of asked climbers had sustained a climbing injury in 2018. They reported 315 injuries. Injuries of upper limb account for more than a half of injuries. Hand and wrist is the most frequently injuried anatomical region with climbers. Spine and lower limb are more likely to get injuried while bouldering on artificial climbing walls. Acute injuries were the most often. 40% of injuries were caused by over strain on individual body part and one third of injuries appeared due to repetitive loads. There were also injuries caused by a fall when ankle was mostly injuried. Injuries were mostly severe or moderate. Analyzing climbing related injuries is important for everyone who is a climber or has to do something with sport climbing. With findings we could reduce some risks of injury. Consistant with the development of sport climbing and its popularity there is also an increase in numbers of climbing related injuries. It is necessary that also medicals learn about typical climbing related injuries if they want to treat them successfully.

• Keywords: sport climbing, acute injury, chronic injury, bouldering, lead climbing