Pripajanje na celulozna vlakna

Zupančič, Urban (author), Alič, Branko (mentor)

Do sredine 19. stoletja so za gospodarske in druge namene uporabljali naravna vlakna, volno, lan in bombaž. V času industrializacije pa so začeli raziskovati, kako naravnim vlaknom izboljšati lastnosti, da bi bila njihova uporaba bolj obširna. Tako so se začela pojavljati prva umetna vlakna. Na vlakna so vezali različne polimerne verige in s tem izboljšali njihove lastnosti ter širili njihovo uporabo. Ta postopek dodajanja novih polimernih verig na obstoječe verige oziroma vlakna imenujemo pripajanje. S spreminjanjem lastnosti naravnih vlaken se je njihova uporaba povečala in razširila tako v kmetijstvu, tekstilni industriji in drugje. V diplomskem delu so natančneje opisani načini pripajanja na naravna vlakna, in sicer na celulozna vlakna. Med temi tehnikami prevladujejo reakcije pripajanja s pomočjo radikalne polimerizacije, kot je radikalska polimerizacija s prenosom atomov, polimerizacija posredovana z nitroksidom in polimerizacija z reverzibilnim adicijsko- fragmentarnim prenosom verige.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vlakna, pripajanje, polimerizacija, celuloza.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111235
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1538438595
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Grafting on cellulose fibres

Abstract

Until the middle of the 19 th century, natural fibres, wool, flax and cotton have been used for commercial and other purposes. During the industrialization times, they began to research how to improve the characteristics of fibres to extend their use. This resulted in the use of artificial fibres. They adhered polymer chains to the fibres and thus improved their characteristics and extended their use. This procedure of adding new polymer chains to the existing chains or fibres is called grafting. By altering the characteristics of natural fibres, their use grew and extended in agriculture, textile industry and other industries. The thesis thoroughly describes types of grafting on natural fibres, namely cellulose fibres. Among these techniques, grafting reaction with the help of the following polymerizations are prevailing: atom transferred radical polymerization, nitroxide-mediated polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain- transferred polymerization.

• Keywords: fibres, grafting, polymerization, cellulose.