Karakterizacija vzorcev azbesta iz zbirke mineralov Oddelka za geologijo

Šušmelj, Kaja (author), Jarc, Simona (mentor), Mladenović, Ana (co-mentor)

Zbirka mineralov, kamnin in fosilov Oddelka za geologijo je ena izmed najpomembnejših sistematskih in študijskih zbirk v Sloveniji. Ob urejanju zbirke mineralov so naleteli na več primerkov vzorcev azbesta, katerih mineralna sestava ni znana ali pa je karakterizacija vprašljiva. Azbest je namreč komercialno ime za skupino silikatnih mineralov z vlaknato obliko in s podobnimi mehanskimi lastnostmi, ki so bile zelo zaželene v industriji in gradbeništvu. Ti minerali so hrizotil, ki spada v skupino serpentinov, ter tremolit, aktinolit, amosit (vlaknata različica grunerita in cummingtonita), antofilit in krokidolit (različek riebeckita), ki spadajo v skupino amfibolov. S pomočjo rentgenske praškovne difrakcije (XRD) in vrstičnega elektronskega mikroskopa z energijsko disperzijsko spektroskopijo rentgenskih žarkov (SEM/EDS) smo določili mineralno sestavo desetim vzorcem azbesta in jih tako ustrezno (mineraloško) poimenovali. Vzorec 11153 (označen kot amfibolov azbest iz Jordalsgrenda) je antofilit. Tudi vzorca 12629 (evidentiran kot antofilit iz Krumovgrada) in 14181 (poimenovan kot azbest s Pohorja) pripadata antofilitu. Vzorec 4290 (označen kot navaden azbest iz Binnentala, kanton Wallis) je tremolit. Tudi za vzorec 9243 (imenovan kot krokidolitov azbest s Korzike) smo ugotovili, da je tremolit. Tremolit je prav tako vzorec 2437 (evidentiran kot amfibolov azbest iz Zillertala na Tirolskem). Vzorec 13482 (evidentiran kot azbest, po izvoru iz Mozambika) je verjetno aktinolit, vsekakor pripada aktinolitno-tremolitni seriji. Vzorec 9447 (imenovan kot serpentinov azbest iz Sverdlovska) je hrizotil, prav tako je hrizotil vzorec 11969 (tudi po izvoru iz Sverdlovska, evidentiran kot azbest). Vzorec 13721 (imenovan kot amfibolov azbest iz Severne Makedonije) je krokidolit.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: azbest, mineralna sestava, SEM/EDS, XRD
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-111185
• COBISS.SI-ID: 1531230
• Publication date in RUL: 26.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Characterisation of Asbestos from the Mineralogical Collection of the Department of Geology

Abstract

The mineral, rock, and fossil collection of the Department of Geology is one of the most important systematic academic collections in Slovenia. While arranging the mineral collection, geologists noticed that the mineral composition of the asbestos samples is either unknown or questionable. Asbestos is the commercial name for silica minerals of fibrous habit, the mechanical properties of which were generally sought-after in the construction industry and civil engineering. Using the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) we have determined the mineral composition of all ten samples and named them accordingly. Sample 11153 (labelled as amphibole asbestos from Jordalsgrend) is an anthophyllite. Samples 12629 (labelled as anthophyllite from Krumovgrad) and 14181 (labelled as asbestos from Pohorje) are anthophyllites as well. Samples 4290 (labelled as regular asbestos from Binnental, Wallis canton), 9243 (labelled as crocidolite asbestos from Corsica), and 2437 (marked as amphibole asbestos from the Zillertal valley in Austrian Tyrol) are all tremolites. Sample 13482 (marked as asbestos found in Mozambique) belongs to the actinolite-tremolite series and is most likely an actinolite. Sample 9447 (marked as serpentine asbestos from Sverdlovsk) is a chrysotile as is sample number 11969 (also found in Sverdlovsk, also marked as asbestos). Sample 13721 (labelled as amphibole asbestos from North Macedonia) is a crocidolite.

• Keywords: asbestos, mineral composition, SEM/EDS, XRD