Zdravstvena vzgoja romskih žensk v podporo pri pripravi na starševstvo : diplomsko delo

Blatnik, Lucija (author), Mivšek, Ana Polona (mentor)

Uvod: Romi povsod po Evropi in tudi v Sloveniji veljajo za slabo izobraženo ljudstvo, zdravstvenovzgojnih programov v podporo pri pripravi na starševstvo, ki so organizirani v okviru osnovnega zdravstvenega zavarovanja, pa se ne udeležujejo, ker niso prilagojeni njihovim zmožnostim razumevanja, niti njihovim potrebam. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na osnovi pregleda literature predstaviti značilnosti romske kulture in zdravstvene vzgoje ter s tem pripraviti podlago za kakovostno zdravstveno vzgojo romskih žensk, ki bo temeljila na njihovih dejanskih potrebah in upoštevala njihove sposobnosti, omejitve in želje. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili metodo deskripcije s sistematičnim pregledom literature, ki se navezuje na področja, povezana z Romi in njihovo kulturo, področje zdravstvene vzgoje in področje priprave na starševstvo, izključili pa smo literaturo, ki ni ustrezala zaradi starosti, nestrokovnosti ali pa je obravnavala Rome iz vidika socialnega dela in ne iz vidika zdravstva. Rezultati: Zaradi nelagodja, ki ga v prisotnosti neznanih moških občutijo romske ženske in zaradi strogo ločenih moških in ženskih vlog v skupnosti, se zdravstvene vzgoje ne smejo udeležiti partnerji romskih žensk, oziroma bodoči očetje. Pred začetkom načrtovanja posameznega sklopa zdravstvenovzgojnega programa priprave na starševstvo za romske ženske mora izvajalka zbrati informacije o učnih potrebah Rominj, na podlagi teh informacij pa potem zasnovati zdravstveno vzgojo tako, da vzdržuje njihovo motivacijo. Za izvedbo naj izvajalka izbere Rominjam domač prostor, izbere naj učna sredstva, ki omogočajo praktičen prikaz, izogiba naj se pisnemu gradivu, cilji naj si sledijo od enostavnejših h kompleksnim, oblika dela pa naj bo skupinska, vendar s čim manjšim številom udeleženk. Evalvacija naj bo zgolj ustna. Razprava in zaključek: Za zmanjševanje prepada med Romi in večinskim prebivalstvom je pomembna enakovrednost, to pa lahko zagotovimo le, če Romom ponudimo zdravstveno vzgojo, ki jim bo dostopna, razumljiva in všečna. Ker so otroci ključ do prihodnosti, njihovo zdravje in dobrobit pa prvi korak k izboljšanju položaja Romov, je razvoj zdravstvenovzgojnega programa za romske ženske v podporo pripravi na starševstvo še posebno pomemben. Rominje so naklonjene novemu znanju, vendar pa mora biti to znanje podano na njim razumljiv način, kar lahko storimo le, če posebno pozornost namenimo ugotavljanju njihovih potreb. Z razumevanjem razlik med romskim in neromskim prebivalstvom in ob poznavanju osnovnih principov zdravstvene vzgoje lahko zasnujemo zdravstvenovzgojni program, ki bo ustrezal tudi Rominjam.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zdravje, vzgoja, Romi, šola za bodoče starše, učenje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-110755
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5690731
• Publication date in RUL: 19.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Health education of Roma women as help with preparing for parenthood : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Roma people in Europe, as well as in Slovenia, are considered to be poorly educated. They usually do not attend health education programs for parenting, which are organised within basic healthcare insurance, because they are not adjusted to their abilities of understanding, nor their needs. Aim: The aim is to research the existing sources about Roma people and health education, which could be a foundation to developing a health educational program of preparing for parenthood for Roma women. Methods: The chosen method of work for this paper is the descriptive method with a systematic literature review, with refrences focusing on health education or patient education and the field of prepairing women for parenthood. Outdated, unproficient and unfocused literature has been excluded. Results: Roma women feel uncomfortable in the presence of unknown men and the community also has strictly seperated roles for men and women, that is why husbands and future fathers should not be included in health education sessions. Before the start of planning each session of the health educational program for Roma women, the information about their educational needs have to be gathered. With this information serving as a base of knowledge, the program is designed in a way that it maintains their motivation as high as possible. To perform the educational program, a known and comfortable room must be chosen, a group type of work but with low number of participants and oral final evalvation. Discussion and conclusion: To reduce the contrast of Roma people to the majority population it is important to secure the equality, which can only be done if we provide education, accessible to their needs and abilities, understandable and suitable to their liking. As the children are the key to the future, their health and wellbeing being the first step to improve their social standard. It is cruical to offer them educational program for parenting. Roma women are fond of knowledge, but it has to be suitable for them, which can only be achieved by putting special effort into researching their educational needs. With understanding the differences between Roma and non-Roma people, and knowing the basic principals of health education, the program of preparing for parenthood can be designed in a way that Roma women really need.

• Keywords: Roma people, health education, patient education, teaching-learning process, preparing for parenthood