Določitev obsega ledenikov iz kart 2. in 3. avstrijske vojaške izmere : diplomska naloga

Gnidovec, Tomaž (author), Triglav Čekada, Mihaela (mentor)

Obseg ledenikov na nekdanjem območju Avstrijskega cesarstva se je od konca male ledene dobe 1850 do danes zaskrbljujoče zmanjšal zaradi globalnega segrevanja. Prvi prikaz obsega ledenikov na tem območju sega v začetek 19. stoletja, ko se je začela izvajati 2. vojaška topografska izmera. Do leta 1915 so bile izvedene štiri izmere. Večina teh kart je dostopna v digitalni georeferencirani obliki na spletnem portalu Mapire. V diplomskem delu smo zajeli površine ledenikov na nekdanjem območju Avstrijskega cesarstva iz 2. in 3. vojaške topografske izmere, z orodjem, ki ga nudi portal Mapire. V programu Google Earth Pro smo za enako območje zajeli površine ledenikov iz novejših satelitskih posnetkov z znanim datumom snemanja (med 2012 in 2017). Analizirali smo zmanjševanje površin ledenikov zajete iz 2. in 3. vojaške in iz satelitskih posnetkov. Na primeru ledenikov Lamkopf, Ahrn in Triglavskega ledenika smo analizirali še natančnosti zajema površin. Natančnost zajema površine na ledeniku Lamkopf, je pri uporabi spletnega portala Mapire 2 hektara, v programu ArcMap 0,6 hektara in v Google Earth Pro-ju 0,3 hektare. Skupna površina ledenikov na nekdanjem območju Avstrijskega cesarstva se je med obdobjem izdelave topografskih kart 2. vojaške izmere (med leti 1808 in 1835) do danes zmanjšala za 79 %. Od tega se je pri manjših ledeniških skupinah, kjer ledeniška skupina danes ne pokriva več kot 5 km2, površina zmanjšala za 87 %, pri večjih ledeniških skupinah pa za 77 %.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: ledeniki, druga in tretja avstrijska vojaška topografska izmera, taljenje ledenikov, Mapire, Google Earth Pro, ArcMap
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
• Publisher: T. Gnidovec]
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-110103
• UDC: 528.9:551:324(436)(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8930145
• Publication date in RUL: 12.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Glacier extent determination from the maps of the 2nd and 3rd Austrian Military Surveys : graduation thesis

Abstract

The extent of glaciers in the former territory of the Austrian Empire has reduced alarmingly since the end of the Little Ice Age in 1850 until today due to global warming. The first depiction of the glaciers extent in this area dates back to the beginning of the 19th century, when the second Austrian military topographic survey began. By the year 1915, four surveys were made. Most of these maps are available in digital georeferenced form on the Mapire web portal. In this graduation thesis, we acquired glacier areas on the former Austrian Empire territory forms of 2nd and 3rd military topographic surveys, with the tool provided by the Mapire portal. In the Google Earth Pro we acquired glacier surfaces for the same glacier, from recent satellite imagery with a known recording date (between 2012 and 2017. We analysed the reduction of the glacier areas between 2nd and 3rd military and satellite imagery. On the test cases of the glacier Lamkopf, the glacier Ahrn and the Triglav glacier we also analysed the accuracy of area acquisition. The area accuracy of the glacier Lamkopf, when using the web portal Mapire is 2 hectares, ArcMap 0.6 hectares, and 0.3 hectares in the Google Earth Pro. The total area of the glaciers in the former territory of the Austrian Empire reduced on 79 % between the time of production of the 2nd military survey maps (between 1808 and 1835) and today. Moreover, in the case of smaller glacier groups, where the glacier group today does not cover more than 5 km2, the area reduced by 87 % and in the case of bigger glacier groups by 77 %.

• Keywords: glaciers, the maps of the second and third Austrian Military Surveys, melting of glaciers, Mapire, Google Earth Pro, ArcMap