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Senzorne izkušnje pri predšolskih otrocih : diplomsko delo
ID Bizilj, Barbara (Author), ID Rabič Por, Špela (Author), ID Gričar, Nevenka (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Uvod: Raznolike senzorne izkušnje omogočajo normalen razvoj otroka, saj vplivajo na motorične, procesne, socialno interakcijske spretnosti in dobro počutje. Otroška igra predstavlja osrednjo vlogo pri učenju in pripravi na izzive. Pomembni dejavniki otrokovega razvoja so tudi okolje, starši in hitro napredujoča tehnologija. Namen: Želeli smo raziskati senzorne izkušnje otrok v predšolskem obdobju z uporabo senzornih strategij, vlogo staršev, tehnologije, otrokove motivacije in ravno pravšnjega izziva pri izvedbi aktivnosti. Zanimalo nas je, kako se motorične spretnosti in vedenje otrok spreminjajo v procesu izvajanja vodenih enournih senzornih aktivnostih, ki smo jih izvajali enkrat tedensko, s poudarkom na taktilnih, proprioceptivnih in vestibularnih senzornih prilivih. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na kvalitativnem pristopu. V teoretičnem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo, v raziskovalnem pa metodo opazovanja z udeležbo. Predmet raziskovanja so senzorne izkušnje pri predšolskih otrocih. V raziskovalni vzorec smo vključili 16 otrok med tretjim in petim letom starosti. Z internim vprašalnikom smo ugotavljali učinek senzomotoričnih aktivnosti na vedenje in vključenost v aktivnosti. Za zbiranje informacij o volji med izvedbo smo uporabili ocenjevalni instrument Vprašalnik volje pri otroku. Literaturo smo iskali v slovenščini, hrvaščini ali angleščini, po elektronskih bibliografskih bazah, v knjigah in zbornikih s področja delovne terapije in drugih ved od leta 2000 naprej. Uporabljene elektronske baze so bile: DiKul, Google Učenjak, OTSeeker itd., ključne besede pa: senzorna integracija, senzorne strategije, predšolski otroci, aktivnosti senzorne integracije, delovna terapija, vestibularni sistem, taktilni sistem, proprioceptivni sistem, pozornost, MOHO, PVQ, ravno pravšnji izziv, vrtec, vloga staršev, tehnologija. Rezultati: Pri ponavljajočih senzornih aktivnostih so otroci izboljšali in prilagodili izvedbo nalog. Izboljšala se je tudi samozavest, ravnotežje, integracija obeh strani telesa in motorično načrtovanje. Neustrezno vedenje skupine se v tednu po končanih srečanjih ni pojavljalo. Razprava in zaključek: Srečanja so prispevala k motoričnem napredku, novim izkušnjam in ustreznejšemu vedenju otrok, zato je pomembno, da se v igro in strukturirane aktivnost še naprej vključuje elemente senzornih strategij.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:delovna terapija, senzorna integracija, vplivi na otrokov razvoj, vrtec
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
Year:2019
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-110098 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:5679723 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:12.09.2019
Views:3111
Downloads:877
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Sensory experiences of preschool children : diploma work
Abstract:
Introduction: Various sensory experiences enable the normal development of children, which influences motor skills, health, cognitive and emotional development and the development of social skills. Children's play represents a central role in learning and in preparation for challenges. Important factors of child development are also the environment, parents and fast development of technology. Purpose: The purpose of diploma work was to explore the sensory experiences in preschool children using sensory strategies, the role of parents, technologies, children's motivation, just right challenge in performance of activities. We explored how motor skills and behavior of children changes in the process of one hour sensory activities, once a week, with an emphasis on tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular sensory inputs. Methods: The diploma work is based on a qualitative approach. In the theoretical part we used the descriptive method, while in the research we used the observation method with participation. The subject of research are sensory experiences in preschool children. The research population are children between three and five. The final sample included a group of sixteen children. We used the questionnaire for internal use, where we researched the correlation between the physical activities focused on three sensory systems, learning, behavior and involvement in the activities. The Pediatric Volitional Questionnaire was used for evaluation of volition during sensory activities. We searched for literature in Slovene, Croatian or English, by electronic bibliographic databases, books and professional journals of occupational therapy and other sciences that were published after 2000. We used electronic databases such as: DiKul, Google Scholar, OTSeeker, etc. Keywords: sensory integration, sensory strategies, preschool children, sensory integration activities, occupational therapy, vestibular system, tactile system, proprioceptive system, attention, MOHO, PVQ, just right challenge, kindergarten, the role of parents, technology. Results: In recurring sensory activities children improved and adjusted the performance of tasks. Self-confidence, balance, integration of both sides and motor planning were also improved. Inadequate behavior of the group did not occur in the week after the ending of sensory activities. Discussion and conclusion: Sensory activities contributed to motoric progress and adequate behavior of children, therefore, it is important to continue to incorporate elements of sensory strategies into the structured activities and play.

Keywords:sensory systems, effects on child development, sensory activities

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