Textile floor coverings have been used since ancient times. At first, animal skins wereused, then fabrics and knitted floor coverings. In modern times, however, tufted and, needled carpets are used and also various composite floor coverings are widely used. Floor coverings can cover all or parts of the room, but they can also be made up of one another. Tufted carpets and needled carpets account for a large portion of all carpets made, as their production is faster and less expensive compared to woven floor coverings.
The diploma thesis presents the most used textile floor coverings, tufted and needled floor coverings and their properties in the contemporary interior. In addition, woven carpets and Japanese floor coverings are presented - tatamis, which are very important floor coverings from a design standpoint.
In the experimental part, the physical (surface mass and thickness) and mechanical properties (resistance to static loads, resistance to rubbing), and also the thermal conductivity and fire resistance of three tufted carpets and one needled floor or tapestry were tested. Two tufted carpets haved polypropylene loops and one has wool loops, and the needled floor cover was also made of polypropylene. Tufted carpets also differed in structure and size of loops. It was found out that the physical and mechanical properties are influenced by the material used, as well as the structure of the loops. The fire resistance is primarily depending on the material.
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