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Metabolizem tirozina
ID
Gerbič, Ana Marija
(
Author
),
ID
Cigić, Blaž
(
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)
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Abstract
Tirozin je pogojno esencialna aminokislina, ki se lahko zaužije s prehrano ali pa se v telesu sintetizira iz esencialne aminokisline fenilalanin. Tirozin je vključen v sintezo mnogih pomembnih spojin, kot so pigment melanin, nekatere fenolne spojine, ščitnični hormon tiroksin, koencim Q10, in je tudi prekurzor dopamina, noradrenalina in adrenalina, zato bi lahko deloval kot sredstvo za izboljšanje razpoloženja. Motnje v metabolizmu tirozina so pogostokrat povezane z genetskimi okvarami in nefunkcionalnimi encimi, ki katalizirajo pretvorbo tirozina in njegovih derivatov. Poznamo tri tipe tirozinemij, poleg tega pa še redkejše motnje, kot sta Alkaptonurija in Hawkinsinurija. Z encimi nekaterih mikroorganizmov, predvsem mlečnokislinskih bakterij, se lahko tirozin v živilih ali naših prebavilih dekarboksilira v biogeni amin tiramin. Vsebnost tiramina v živilih je odvisna od naslednjih dejavnikov: vrsta živila, temperatura, pH, koncentracija soli in pogojev skladiščenja. Če ga je v živilih preveč, lahko negativno vpliva na naše zdravje, predvsem na povišan krvni tlak. Tirozin je bil tudi predmet različnih študij, v katerih so raziskovali njegov vpliv na kognitivne sposobnosti, vendar si zaenkrat raziskovalci v zaključkih raziskav niso enotni glede učinka na centralni živčni sistem.
Language:
Slovenian
Keywords:
tirozin
,
metabolizem
,
motnje metabolizma
,
biogeni amini
,
tiramin
,
kognitivne sposobnosti
,
prehrana
Work type:
Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:
2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:
BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:
[A. M. Gerbič]
Year:
2019
PID:
20.500.12556/RUL-109702
UDC:
577.112.387:612.3+613.2
COBISS.SI-ID:
5090168
Publication date in RUL:
07.09.2019
Views:
40126
Downloads:
306
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:
GERBIČ, Ana Marija, 2019,
Metabolizem tirozina
[online]. Bachelor’s thesis. A. M. Gerbič. [Accessed 31 May 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=109702
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Secondary language
Language:
English
Title:
Tyrosine metabolism
Abstract:
Tyrosine is a conditionally essential amino acid that can be ingested through diet or is synthesized in the body from the essential amino acid phenylalanine. Tyrosine is involved in the synthesis of many important compounds, such as pigment melanin, some phenolic compounds, thyroid hormone thyroxine, coenzyme Q10 and is also a precursor of dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline, and could therefore act as an agent for mood improvement. Disorders in the metabolism of tyrosine are often the consequence of inborn errors in the metabolism of tyrosine and lack of functional enzymes. There are three types of tyrosinemia, and a few more rare disorders such as Alkaptonuria and Hawkinsinuria. Certain microbial enzymes, often of lactic acid bacteria, catalyze decarboxylation of tyrosine in foods or in gastrointestinal tract into biogenic amine tyramine. Content of tyramine in food depends on factors such as type of food, temperature, pH, salt concentration, and storage conditions. If we ingest too much of this biogenic amine, it can have a negative impact on our health and increase the blood pressure. Tyrosine was also the subject of various studies where its effect on cognitive abilities was examined, however the conclusions of the studies were not uniform regarding the effect of the substance on central nervous system.
Keywords:
tyrosine
,
metabolism
,
metabolism disorder
,
biogenic amines
,
tyramine
,
cognitive functions
,
nutrition
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