Posledice selekcije nekaterih pasem psov na določene telesne lastnosti

Nartnik, Sanja (author), Zupan Šemrov, Manja (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na to, kakšne posledice je selekcija pasemskih psov pustila na njihovih telesnih lastnostih. Glavni posledici selekcije sta inbriding in dedovanje zunanjih deformacij. Največjo težavo od teh predstavlja inbriding, saj le-ta prispeva k veliki izgubi genetske variabilnosti in s tem vodi do avtoimunskih bolezni in alergij, dedne zunanje deformacije pa se prenašajo skozi generacije zaradi specifičnega želenega videza pasme. Število pasem, ki trpijo posledice selekcije, je več. Mednje spadata mops in angleški buldog, pri katerih se pogosto pojavlja oteženo dihanje, omejenost oziroma nezmožnost gibanja ter dermatitis. Pasma Kavalir King Charles španjel je nagnjena k boleči nevrološki motnji – siringomieliji in bolezni mitralne zaklopke ter nemški ovčar, ki predstavlja pasmo z visoko pojavnostjo displazije kolkov. Dejanja, ki prispevajo k tem posledicam, so nehumana in ne glede na relativnost, ki ga pojem etika predstavlja, etično nesprejemljiva. Akterji, odgovorni, da je tako daleč prišlo, so poleg pasemskih standardov in rejcev potrošniki sami, ki s svojimi željami po zunanjih, zgolj estetskih lastnostih kreirajo pasemske standarde. Možnih rešitev za izboljšanje posledic selekcije je več. Mednje spada ozaveščanje potrošnikov o vzrokih in posledicah selekcije, sprememba pasemskih standardov, vnos novega genetskega materiala s parjenjem z osebki brez dednih bolezni ter križanje pasem. Odgovornost rejcev prav tako prispeva k možnim rešitvam.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: psi, selekcija, telesne lastnosti
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109593
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4291720
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Impact of selective breeding of some dog breeds on certain physical characteristics

Abstract

The B.SC. thesis focuses on causes selective breeding has on physical characteristics of certain dog breeds. The main causes are inbreeding and inheritance of external deformations. Inbreeding represents the largest issue of them since it contributes to a great loss of genetic variability and potentially leads to autoimmune diseases and allergies. The inheritance of external deformations is also important because they are transmitted through generations in order to reach the desired appearance. The number of breeds that suffer from selective breeding is high. Those breeds include a pug and a bulldog, in which there is a frequent occurrence of difficulty in breathing, movement limitation and dermatitis, Cavalier King Charles spaniel which is prone to a painful neurological disorder called Syringomyelia and mitral valve disease and German shepherd, prone to hip dysplasia. The parties responsible for these consequences are alongside breed standards and breeders also the consumers with their co-creation of breed standards for purely esthetic purposes. There are more possible solutions to improve dog health, including raising awareness of consumers about the cause and consequences of selective breeding, changing breed standards, introducing new genetic material by mating with subjects without inheritable diseases and crossbreeding. Breeders acting responsibly also contributes to the solution.

• Keywords: dogs, selection, physical characteristics