Raziskave različnih pristopov laserskega rezanja z ogljikovimi vlakni ojačenih polimerov

Jakič, Miha (author), Gregorčič, Peter (mentor), Šajn, Viktor (comentor)

V letalski industriji se čedalje bolj uporabljo polimeri, ojačani z ogljikovimi vlakni(CFRP). CFRP kompoziti omogočajo izdelavo kompleksnih oblik, kar bistveno zmanjša število komponent in skupno težo, obenem pa omogočajo večjo trdnost izdelkov v primerjavi s konvencionalnimi materiali. Velika trdnost in heterogenost materiala predstavljata težave pri kontaktnem odrezovanju. Do težav pa prihaja tudi pri brezkontaktnem laserskem preoblikovanju. Epoksidna smola služi kot vezivo karbonskim vlaknom in je delno prosojna tako v vidnem kot v infrardečem spektru, kar povzroča slabo absortivnost laserske svetlobe. Preučili smo osnovne mehanizme laserske ablacije in preizkusili tezo o vmešavanju barvil epoksidni smoli za namene povečanja absorcije laserske svetlobe. S pomočjo podobne literature ter s sistemskim pristopom preizkušanja smo proučili tezo. Uporabili smo večino komercialno dostopnih barvil različnih panog ter tudi nekaj namensko razvitih pigmentov, namenjenih izključno laserskemu označevanju. Ugotovili smo, da barvila nekoliko izboljšajo rezalne lastnosti same epoksidne smole. Na obdelavo CFRP-jev je bistveno bolj kot obarvana epoksidna smola vplivala strategija rezov. Najučinkovitejše je odrezovanje z graviranjem, ki je sestavljeno iz kratkih prehodov rezanja pod kotom +-45◦. Ugotovili smo tudi pomembnost parametra ”prehod vrst”, ki narekuje zaporedje prehajanja vzorca graviranja. Rezultati potrjujejo tezo o povečanju absortivnosti obarvane epoksidne smole. Najpomembnejša ugotovitev je načrtno vodenje laserskega snopa za izboljšane rezalnih lastnosti CFRP materialov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: lasersko rezanje, tehnike, parametri, laserska obdelava materialov, vlakenski laserji, ojačani polimeri, ogljikova vlakna, absorpcija epoksidne smole, poškodbe abliranega materiala
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Jakič]
• Year: 2019
• Number of pages: XXIV, 53 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109584
• UDC: 621.9.048:678:620.1(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16875547
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2019

JAKIČ, Miha, 2019, Raziskave različnih pristopov laserskega rezanja z ogljikovimi vlakni ojačenih polimerov [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : M. Jakič. [Accessed 24 June 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=109584

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Investigation of different strategies of laser cutting carbon-fiber reinforced polymers

Abstract

In the aeronautical industry, carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) are increasingly used. CFRP composites enable the production of complex shapes, which leads to reduced number of required components, lower total weight and enables higher stength of the products comparing to the conventional materials. Great strength and the heterogeneity of the material present problems in contact machining. Problems also occur in non-contact laser processing. The epoxy resin serves as a binder for carbon fibers and is partially transparent in both the visible and the infrared spectrum, causing causing low absorption of laser light. We examined the basic mechanisms of laser ablation and tested the thesis about the dyeing of epoxy resins for the purpose of increasing the absorption of laser light. With the help of existing literature and by a systemativ experimental approach to the experiment, we examined the thesis. We used most of the commercially available dyes of various industries, as well as a few purpose-developed pigments exclusively dedicated to laser marking. We found that the dye slightly improve the cutting characteristics of the epoxy resin itself. Rather dyeing is significantly more important cutting patern. The most effective is engraving cuts, which consists of short cutting crossings at an angle of +- 45◦. We have found the importance of the parameter ''skip line'', which dictates the sequence of transitions of the sample engraving. The results confirm the thesis of increasing the absortiveness of the colored epoxy resin. The most important finding is the systematic management of the laser beam for improved cutting properties of CFRP materials.

• Keywords: laser cutting, techniques, parameters, laser processing, fiber lasers, reinforced polymers, carbon fibers, absortion of epoxy resin, ablation defect