Zdravstvena obravnava odvisnih od prepovedanih drog v skupnosti : diplomsko delo

Rozman, Špela (author), Lapanja, Aljoša (mentor)

Uvod: Odvisnost od prepovedanih drog je opredeljena kot kronična, ponavljajoča se bolezen in ima mnogo škodljivih posledic. Študije so privedle do razvoja različnih pristopov zdravljenja, ki vključujejo skupnost. Skupnostna obravnava se nanaša na integriran model zdravljenja ljudi, ki so odvisni od prepovedanih drog. Pomembna vloga medicinskih sester se kaže v individualiziranem odgovarjanju na potrebe uporabnikov prepovedanih drog in zagotavljanju najboljših možnih izidov zdravljenja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati oblike skupnostne obravnave odvisnih od prepovedanih drog, primerjati načine zdravljenja v skupnosti v Sloveniji in tujini ter predstaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri skupnostni obravnavi odvisnih od prepovedanih drog. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda s sistematičnim pregledom literature, objavljene med leti 2002 in 2009. Izvedeno je bilo iskanje v bazah podatkov CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE in ScienceDirect z uporabljenimi ključnimi besedami v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku. Uporabljeni so bili prosto dostopni, primarni in recenzirani prispevki z jasno definiranimi cilji in metodami v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku. Rezultati: Zdravljenje mora biti naravnano na individualne potrebe posameznikov, da je učinkovito. Cilji zdravljenja so pomagati uporabnikom razviti veščine za obvladovanje odvisnosti od prepovedanih drog in ustaviti ali zmanjšati uporabo prepovedanih drog. Zmanjševanje škode je konceptualni okvir, ki temelji na odpravljanju negativnih posledic odvisnosti od prepovedanih drog in ne vključuje nujno abstinence. Medicinske sestre imajo znanje in veščine za obravnavo odvisnih od prepovedanih drog. Razprava in zaključek: Skozi desetletja so se spreminjali pogledi na odvisnost od prepovedanih drog, družba se je razvijala, skupaj z njo pa so se pragmatično in v skladu s sodobnostjo nadgrajevali načini zdravstvene obravnave v skupnosti. Medicinske sestre zmanjšujejo stigmo ter predstavljajo vzor laični skupnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: zloraba drog, zdravljenje v skupnosti, zmanjševanje škode, zdravstvena nega
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109575
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5674091
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Community-based treatment of the patients with the illegal drugs addiction : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Addiction to illegal drugs is defined as a chronic, relapsing disease and has many harmful consequences. Studies enabled the development of different treatment approaches which include the community. Community-based treatment refers to an integrated model of treating people who are addicted to illegal drugs. An important role of nurses is demonstrated in individualized responses to the needs of the users of illegal drugs and ensuring the best possible outcomes of the treatment. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to research community-based treatment of the people addicted to illegal drugs addiction, compare the methods of treatment in the community in Slovenia and abroad, and to present the role of a nurse in the community-based treatment of the people addicted to illegal drugs. Methods: In the diploma work, the descriptive method with a systematic review of the literature published in the years 2002-2009 was used. A search in the CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases was performed with the used keywords in English and Slovenian language. Freely accessible, primary and reviewed articles were used with clearly defined objectives and methods in English and Slovenian language. Results: To be effective, the treatment must address the individuals’ needs. The goals of treatment are to help the users to develop the skills to manage their illegal-drug addiction and to stop or reduce the use of illegal drugs. Harm reduction is a conceptual framework which is based on eliminating the negative consequences of addiction to illegal drugs and does not include abstinence necessarily. Nurses possess knowledge and skills for the treatment of illegal drugs addicts. Discussion and conclusion: Over decades, the perspectives on illegal-drug addiction were changing. The society was evolving and together with it, the methods of medical treatment in the community were upgraded in accordance with the modernity. Nurses diminish stigma and represent a role model for the laymen community.

• Keywords: substance abuse, community treatment, harm reduction, nursing