Primerjava slikanj prsne in ledvene hrbtenice izvedenih s strani študentov radiološke tehnologije : magistrsko delo

Viltužnik, Rebeka (author), Mekiš, Nejc (mentor)

Uvod: Rentgenska slikanja prsne in ledvene hrbtenice, so med najpogostejšimi rentgenskimi preiskavami in tudi med najbolj sevalno obremenjujočimi preiskavami v klasični rentgenski diagnostiki. Dozo lahko ustrezno znižamo s pravilnim omejevanjem in centriranjem polja in izbiro ustreznih parametrov slikanja in pri tem dobimo diagnostično ustrezno sliko. Namen: V magistrski nalogi nas je zanimalo, kako uspešni so študentje radiološke tehnologije pri zajemanju vseh anatomskih struktur in kolimiranju ter centriranju polja pri slikanju ledvene in prsne hrbtenice na fantomu. Kot posledico centriranja in omejevanja polja pri tehnično uporabnih slikah smo opazovali še DAP vrednost, vrednosti efektivnih doz in doz na izbrane organe, v smislu kakovosti rentgenske slike pa smo primerjali vrednosti ekspozicijskega indeksa (EI). Metode dela: V tej magistrski nalogi smo izvedli eksperimentalno metodo z izvajanjem meritev na rentgenskem aparatu Zdravstvene fakultete. V študiji je sodelovalo 124 študentov, ki so na fantomu PBU 60 so izvedli slikanje ledvene in prsne hrbtenice v dveh projekcijah. Meritve smo obdelali v programu PCXMC 2.0 in IBM SPSS STATISTICS 20. Rezultati: Pri prsni hrbtenici ni bilo razlik v tehnični uporabnosti pri AP projekciji, so bile pa razlike signifikantne pri tokovnem sunku, DAP in efektivni dozi. Največje doze so bile pri študentih druge stopnje. DAP vrednosti in vrednosti efektivnih doz študentov so bile veliko nižje od priporočenih. Pri stranski projekciji prsne hrbtenice ni bilo signifikantnih razlik v tehnični uporabnosti, so bile pa razlike v velikosti polja statistično značilne. DLR za DAP iz literature je za okoli 90% višji od povprečnih vrednosti v tej študiji. Pri AP projekciji ledvene hrbtenice pri tehnični uporabnosti študentje 1. letnika statistično značilno (p<0,001) odstopajo od drugih skupin, kjer so bile tudi pri tokovnem sunku, razlike statistično značilne. Pri stranski projekciji ledvene hrbtenice so razlike v tehnični uporabnosti slik med letniki statistično značilne (p<0,001). Pri primerjavi z literaturo so ponovno vrednosti, ki so jih dobili študentje veliko nižje od priporočenih. Razprava in zaključek: V tej študiji, na koncu ne moramo izbrati enega letnika, za katerega lahko rečemo, da je boljši od ostalih, saj tudi, če so bili 1. letniki bolj uspešni pri omejevanju polja in posledično tudi nižjih dozah, so imeli več neuporabnih slik kot 2. stopnja, kar bi lahko pomenilo, da če bi morali neuporabne slike ponavljati, bi bila na koncu celokupna doza celo višja od druge stopnje, čeprav je imela v večini najvišje doze.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: razlike med letniki, rentgensko slikanje ledvene hrbtenice, rentgensko slikanje prsne hrbtenice, zaslanjanje, DAP, efektivna doza, EI, diagnostična uporabnost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-109102
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5665387
• Publication date in RUL: 22.08.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The comparison of thoracic and lumbar spine imaging performed by students of radiologic technology : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: X-ray imaging of the chest and lumbar spine are among the most common X-ray examinations and have the highest doses in classic X-ray diagnostics. The dose can be reduced by proper field collimation and centring and correct exposure parameters, while still retaining proper image quality. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to see the percentage of technically useful images and to determine, if there are significant differences in x-ray fields collimation and doses between radiography students within technically acceptable images. Methods: We used an experimental method, where our 124 subjects took 4 x ray images of the PBU 60. The measurements were processed in PCXMC 2.0 and IBM SPSS STATISTICS 20 program. Results: With the thoracic spine in AP view, the differences were not significant when comparing the frequencies of technically useful images, but they were statistically significant in DAP, mAs values and effective dose comparison, where 1st year students had the lowest values. When compared to the values suggested in literature, the student values were much lower. With the lateral view of the thoracic spine, the differences were significant only with the field size and a few organ doses within technically acceptable images. When we compared the values to literature, the students got drastically lower values again. With the AP view of the lumbar spine the differences were significant when comparing frequencies of technically acceptable images, where 1st years students had the most difficulties. The differences were also significant when comparing mAs values. With the lateral view of the lumbar spine, the frequencies of technically acceptable images were significant again and 1st year students had the most problems here as well. There were also significant differences in field size and in some cases of organ doses. The DAP and effective doses were again much lower than the suggested values from literature. Discussion and conclusion: With this research, we found out that the percentage of diagnostically useful images was the highest in post-graduate group, but in some cases within the acceptable images they had the highest dose values, so we cannot say that one group exceeds all. It would be interesting to redo this research in a few years and to compare these results with similar research from abroad.

• Keywords: study year comparison, lumbar spine x-ray, thoracic spine x-ray, collimation, DAP, effective dose, EI, diagnostically useful images