Razvoj govora in pomen slušne pozornosti v predšolskem obdobju

Drolc, Urška (author), Skubic, Darija (mentor)

Razvoj govora v predšolskem obdobju je odvisen od več dejavnikov in od razvoja vsakega posameznika. V različni literaturi imamo predstavljene okvire, ki razvoj govora povezujejo in mu dajejo temeljne značilnosti. Kljub okvirom pa je zelo pomembno, da gledamo na otroka kot posameznika. Strokovni delavci se pri svojem delu v vrtcu pogosto srečujemo z raznimi odstopanji na področju govora in jezika, zato je zelo pomembno, da se vsak strokovni delavec v vrtcu in šoli zaveda svoje naloge in pomena znanja. V diplomskem delu sem v teoretičnem sklopu predstavila pristope različnih avtorjev k razvoju govora. Podrobneje sem predstavila razvoj govora ter dejavnike, ki govor pri predšolskem otroku spodbujajo. V nadaljevanju sem opisala najpogostejše govorno-jezikovne težave, s katerimi se srečamo pri razvoju predšolskih otrok. Predstavila sem govor in komunikacijo pri otrocih s posebnimi potrebami, njihovo različnost oz. podobnost z drugimi otroki. Osredotočila sem se na otroke z Downovim sindromom, saj imajo ti otroci individualna odstopanja v komunikaciji, jeziku in govoru, ki hkrati vplivajo še na vsa druga področja razvoja. Opredelila sem pomen in vrste pozornosti ter se osredotočila na slušno pozornost in njen pomen v predšolskem obdobju. V empiričnem sklopu diplomskega dela sem si postavila raziskovalna vprašanja in cilje, ki so temeljili na pomenu slušne pozornosti v predšolskem obdobju. V začetku meseca aprila 2019 sem v treh starostnih skupinah izvedla govorno-jezikovno dejavnost. Cel mesec april sem izvajala vaje za slušno pozornost, ki sem jih navedla in opisala v diplomskem delu. Na koncu meseca aprila sem ponovila govorno-jezikovno dejavnost ter rezultate zapisala in jih med seboj primerjala. Diplomsko delo sem zaključila s sklepnimi ugotovitvami na podlagi raziskave o pomenu slušne pozornosti v predšolskem obdobju. Rezultate sem številčno zapisala in jih primerjala v treh različnih starostnih skupinah, izpostavila sem konkretne dejavnosti, ki sem jih izvajala, ter jih v celoti opisala.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: razvoj govora
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-108082
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12465993
• Publication date in RUL: 17.06.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Speech development and the importance of listening attention in preschool children

Abstract

The development of speech in the pre-school period depends on several factors and on the development of each individual. Various literature presents the frames that connect the development of speech and give it the basic characteristics. Despite the frames, it is very important that we look at the child as an individual. At our work in kindergarten, professional workers often encounter various deviations in the field of speech and language; therefore, it is very important that every professional worker in kindergarten and school is aware of his tasks and the importance of knowledge. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, I present approaches to the development of speech, written by various authors. I present in detail the development of speech and the factors that promote speech in a pre-school child. In the following, I describe the most common speech and language problems encountered in the development of pre-school children. I present speech and communication in children with special needs, where they are different or similar to other children. I focus on children with Down's syndrome, since these children have individual deviations in communication, language and speech, which simultaneously affect all other areas of development. I define the importance and types of attention and focus on hearing attention and its importance in the pre-school period. In the empirical part of the diploma thesis, I set up research questions and goals, based on the importance of hearing attention in the pre-school period. In the beginning of April 2019, I performed a speech and language activity in three age groups. In the entire month of April, I conducted exercises for hearing attention, which I list and describe in the diploma thesis. At the end of April, I repeated the speech and language activity and recorded the results and compared them with each other. I conclude the diploma thesis with conclusions based on the research on the importance of hearing attention in the pre-school period. I record the results numerically and compare them in three different age groups, I point out the concrete activities I carried out and fully describe them.

• Keywords: speech development