Pospešeno staranje volnene tkanine prepojene z melaminsko smolo

Krašna, Marjetka (author), Demšar, Andrej (mentor), Kavkler, Katja (co-mentor)

Diplomska naloga je potekala v sodelovanju z Restavratorskim centrom Slovenije v okviru projekta konservacije rimskodobnega deblaka, najdenega v reki Ljubljanici. V razpokah deblaka se je kot polnilo nahajala tudi volnena tkanina. Namen diplomskega dela je bil preučiti vpliv konservatorsko-restavratorskih posegov na sodobno volneno tkanino, na podlagi česar bi lahko sklepali, kakšno je obnašanje originalnega volnenega polnila ob konservatorsko-restavratorskih posegih. V okviru diplomske naloge je bil preučevan vpliv melaminske smole na volneno tkanino. Vzorec volnene tkanine je bil impregniran z raztopino vodotopne melaminske smole. Z impregnacijo je masa vzorcev narasla, pH pa se je znižal. Impregnaciji vzorcev so sledili naslednji koraki: polimerizacija smole, sušenje in staranje vzorcev. Vzorce smo na aparatu Xenotes Alpha starali 72 ur pri temperaturi 35 °C, 70- odstotni relativni zračni vlažnosti in 42 W/m2 gostoti sevalnega toka. V okviru izvedenega raziskovalnega dela je bilo ugotovljeno, da se z obdelavo volnene tkanine z vodotopno melaminsko smolo povečajo dolžinska masa preje ter debelina in ploščinska masa tkanine. Po pospešenem staranju pa se vse te vrednosti zopet zmanjšajo. Natezna trdnost v smeri osnove se je po impregnaciji povečala in po staranju le malo zmanjšala. Natezna trdnost v smeri votka pa se je po impregnaciji zmanjšala in po staranju povečala. Na površini vlaken, obdelanih z raztopino melaminske smole, je viden nanos melaminske smole. Na pospešeno staranih vlaknih so vidne poškodbe epidermalnih celic, vidna je tudi smola, ki je nabreknila v obliki mehurčkov. Analiza FTIR-ATR potrjuje prisotnost melaminske smole in oksidacijo impregniranih in staranih vzorcev. Metoda FTIR-ATR je bila primerna za identifikacijo strukturnih sprememb v vlaknih in smoli. Kar je posebej primerno za arheološke najdbe in druge zgodovinske predmete, pa je, da je metoda neinvazivna.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: volna, vlakna, tkanina, konserviranje in restavriranje, melaminska smola, deblak
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107834
• Publication date in RUL: 30.05.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Artificial aging of wool fabric impregnated with melamine resin

Abstract

This paper work was held in cooperation with the Restoration Center of Slovenia in the framework of the project of conserving the roman timber found in the Ljubljanica river. Woolen cloth was also found in the bursts of the boot. The purpose of this paper work was to study the effect of conservation and restorative interventions on modern woolen fabrics, on the basis of which we can conclude on the behavior of the original wool filler at conservation and restorative interventions. Within the thesis the influence of melamine resin on the woolen fabric was studied. A sample of woolen fabric was impregnated with a solution of water soluble melamine resin. With impregnation, the mass of the samples increased and the pH dropped. Impregnation of the samples was followed by the following steps of resin polymerization, drying and aging of the samples. The samples were taken at the Xenotes Alpha apatment for 72 hours at room temperature of 35 ° C, 70% relative air humidity and 42 W / m2 radiant flux density. In the framework of the performed research work, it was found that the length of the yarn and the thickness and the flat mass of the fabric increase the thickness of the yarn by treating the woolen fabric with a water soluble melamine resin. After accelerated aging, however, all of these values are again reduced. The tensile strength in the direction of the base increased after impregnation and only slightly decreased after aging. After the impregnation, the tensile strength in the direction of the weft decreased and, after aging, increased. Melamine resin application is apparent on the surface of the fibers treated with the melamine resin solution. The accelerated aged fibers show damage to epidermal cells and a resin that swells in the form of bubbles. The FTIR-ATR analysis confirms the presence of melamine resin and the oxidation of impregnated and aged samples. The FTIR-ATR method was suitable for identifying structural changes in fibers and resins. What is especially suitable for archaeological finds and other historical objects is that the method is non-invasive.

• Keywords: wool, fibers, fabric, conservation and restoration, melamine resin, timber