Urinska inkontinenca v poporodnem obdobju : diplomsko delo

Plahut, Tadeja (author), Mihelič Zajec, Andreja (mentor), Gogova, Tina (co-mentor)

Uvod: Urinska inkontinenca je nekontrolirano uhajanje seča. Pojavlja se v vseh starostnih obdobjih in prizadene tako ženske kot moške. Pri ženskah je urinska inkontinenca dvakrat pogostejša kot pri moških. Poporodna urinska inkontinenca je motnja, ki se začne pred, med in po porodu. Urinska inkontinenca, ki se začne pred ali med nosečnostjo je verjetno povezana z inkontinenco po porodu. Namen: Proučiti želimo pojavnost urinske inkontinence pri ženskah v poporodnem obdobju in njene posledice, ki vplivajo na življenje otročnice. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir, od leta 2007 do 2018. Literatura je bila iskana v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku preko podatkovnih baz Medline, CINAHL, ScienceDirect ter po sistemu PubMed. Ključne besede, ki so bile uporabljene pri iskanju v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku so: urinska inkontinenca IN poporodno obdobje/urinary incontinence AND postpartum period, otročnica/postnatal women, urinska inkontinenca IN spolno življenje/urinary incontinence AND sexuality life, urinska inkontinenca/urinary incontinence IN/AND ženske/women, ter kakovost življenja/quality of life. V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 20 člankov. Rezultati: Poporodna urinska inkontinenca je v primerjavi z drugimi vrstami inkontinence pogostejša pri mladih ženskah, nekje do 6 mesecev po porodu. Zelo pomembni dejavniki, ki lahko vplivajo na poporodno urinsko inkontinenco pri ženski so: indeks telesne mase, starost, način poroda ter pripomočki uporabljeni za lažje rojstvo otroka, kadar ta ne poteka normalno. Z analizo člankov smo ugotovili, da je velik delež žensk pri katerih se po porodu pojavi urinska inkontinenca, s tem psihično obremenjena, kar lahko vodi do depresije, anksioznosti, strahu in sramu. To posledično vpliva na partnerski odnos in na spolne odnose. Razprava in zaključek: Poporodna urinska inkontinenca je pogosta v obdobju otročnice in v nekaj mesecih po porodu izzveni. Medicinska sestra je zelo pomembna oseba v poporodnem obdobju vsake ženske, saj nudi pomoč na psihološki ter telesni ravni, žensko spremlja ves čas tega poporodnega obdobja, jo vzpodbuja in motivira za izvajanje treninga mišic medeničnega dna. Kljub psihološki pomoči, ki jo je ženska deležna s strani partnerja, imata velik pomen in vpliv na žensko takoj po rojstvu diplomirana babica ter diplomirana medicinska sestra.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: uhajanje seča, poporodno obdobje, otročnica, spolno življenje, ženske, kakovost življenja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107769
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5624427
• Publication date in RUL: 24.05.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Urinary incontinence in the postnatal period : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is an uncontrolled leakage of urine. It occurs in all age groups and affects both women and men. In women, urinary incontinence is twice as common as in men. Post-natal urinary incontinence is a disorder that begins before, during and after childbirth. Urinary incontinence, which begins before or during pregnancy is probably associated with incontinence after childbirth. Purpose: We want to study the incidence of urinary incontinence in women in the postnatal period and its consequences postpartum women. Methods: We used a descriptive method of work with systematic literature review. We searched in a time frame from 2007 to 2018. Literature was searched in Slovene and English language via Medline, CINAHL, ScienceDirect and Pubmed. The key words used in the search in the Slovenian and English languages are: urinska inkontinenca IN poporodno obdobje/urinary incontinence AND postpartum period, otročnica/postnatal women, urinska inkontinenca IN spolno življenje/urinary incontinence AND sexuality life, urinska inkontinenca/urinary incontinence IN/AND ženske/women, ter kakovost življenja/quality of life. The final analysis included 20 articles. Results: Post-natal urinary incontinence is more common in young women compared to other types of incontinence up to 6 months postpartum. Very important factors that may affect postnatal urine incontinence in a woman are: body mass index, age, mode of birth and devices used to facilitate the birth of the child, when this is not normal. By analyzing the articles, we found that a large proportion of women who experience urinary incontinence after birth are psychologically stressed, which can lead to depression, anxiety, fear and shame. This can have a consequence on the partner’s relationship and sexual intercourse. Discussion and conclusion: Post-natal urinary incontinence is frequent in the time of the baby's birth and within a few months after delivery it calms down. A nurse is a very important person in the post-natal period of every woman, as she provides assistance at the psychological and physical level, she monitors the women throughout the postnatal period, encourages and motivates her to perform pelvic floor muscle exercises. Despite the psychological help that a woman receives from the partner, a graduate midwife and a graduate nurse have a great significance and influence on a woman immediately after birth.

• Keywords: urinary incontinence, postpartum period, postnatal women, sexuality of life, women, quality of life