Morfološke lastnosti in pridelek perspektivnih tujih sort soje (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

Mesarič, Bogomir (author), Kocjan Ačko, Darja (mentor)

Soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) je v svetu vodilna oljnica in beljakovinska stročnica. V Sloveniji je bilo v zadnjih letih do 3000 ha njiv posejanih s sojo. Ker domačih sort soje nimamo, pridelujemo perspektivne tuje, ki jih je treba preizkušati v naših rastnih razmerah. Na Laboratorijskem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani smo v letih 2015 in 2016 izvedli bločna poskusa z 8 tujimi perspektivnimi sortami soje ('Aligator', 'Ema', 'ES Dominator', 'ES Mentor', 'Korona', 'Lucija', 'Naya' in 'Silvija PZO'). Sojo smo v obeh poskusnih letih posejali 19. 5., vznik posevka pa je bil prvo leto 28. 5., drugo leto pa 27. 5. Spravilo je potekalo strojno, prvo leto 30. 9. in drugo leto 6. 10. Proučevali smo vznik posevka, končni pridelek pri 9-odstotni vlagi zrnja in absolutno maso pridelanega zrnja. Vse sorte so presegle optimalen vznik 60 rastlin/m2. Povprečen vznik v letu 2015 je bil 76 rastlin/m2. Povprečen vznik v letu 2016 je bil enak optimalnemu, čeprav so imele tri sorte v povprečju 63 % manjši vznik od optimalnega. Povprečen pridelek v letu 2015 je bil za 45,3 % večji od slovenskega povprečja (2700 kg/ha), povprečen pridelek v letu 2016 pa za 30,5 % manjši od slovenskega povprečja (3000 kg/ha). Povprečen pridelek obeh let je znašal 2850 kg/ha. Največji povprečen pridelek v obeh poskusnih letih je dala sorta 'ES Mentor' (4118 kg/ha), ki je imela v povprečju tudi največjo absolutno maso (203,5 g). V obeh letih z majhno absolutno maso (158,6 g) izstopa sorta 'ES Dominator'.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: soja, Glycine max, poljski poskus, sorte, morfološke lastnosti, pridelek, zrnje
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [B. Mesarič]
• Year: 2019
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-107336
• UDC: 633.34:631.524.32:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9195897
• Publication date in RUL: 31.03.2019

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND GRAIN YIELD OF PROSPECTIVE FOREIGN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) VARIETIES

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is the world's leading oleiferous plant and protein legume. In Slovenia, up to 3000 hectares of fields have been sown with soybean in recent years. Since we do not have domestic soybean varieties, we grow promising foreign varieties that need to be tested under our growing conditions. At the laboratory field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, we conducted experiments with 8 foreign promising varieties in 2015 and 2016 ('Aligator', 'Ema', 'ES Dominator', 'ES Mentor', 'Korona', 'Lucija', 'Naya' and 'Silvija PZO'). In both experimental years we sowed soybeans on 19 May; in the first year the crop emerged on 28 May, and on 27 May in the second year. The harvesting took place mechanically, on 30 September in the first year and on 6 October in the second year. The crop emergence was studied, and the final yield at 9% grain moisture and the absolute weight of the grain produced. All varieties exceeded the optimal yield of 60 plants/m2; the average emergence in 2015 was 76 plants/m2. The average emergence in 2016 was the same as the optimal one, although three varieties had an emergence 63% smaller on average than the optimal one. The average harvest in 2015 was 45.3% higher than the Slovenian average (2700 kg/ha), while the average harvest in 2016 was 30.5% lower than the Slovenian average (3000 kg/ha). The average harvest of both years was 2850 kg/ha. The highest average harvest in both experimental years was provided by the 'ES Mentor' variety (4118 kg/ha), which also had the highest absolute mass on average (203.5 g). In both years, the 'ES Dominator' variety stands out with a low absolute mass (158.6 g).

• Keywords: soybean, Glycine max, field trial, varieties, morphological properties, yield, grains