Mnenja starostnikov o usposabljanju iz prve pomoči : diplomsko delo

Poličnik, Maja (author), Slabe, Damjan (mentor), Dolenc, Eva (co-mentor)

Uvod: Pričakovana življenjska doba se podaljšuje, zato delež starejših od 65 let hitro narašča. Psihofizične spremembe v starosti povzročijo, da so lahko starostniki dovzetnejši za nastanek poškodb ali nenadnih obolenj. Z zgodnjo prepoznavo znakov in simptomov ter pravilnim ukrepanjem lahko omilimo ali preprečimo njihove posledice. Osnovni cilji ukrepov prve pomoči ne temeljijo samo na z dokazi podprtih znanstvenih spoznanjih, ampak tudi na učinkovitem usposabljanju laikov v vseh starostnih obdobjih, tudi starostnikov. Namen: Ugotoviti, kakšna so mnenja starostnikov o usposabljanju iz prve pomoči. Metode dela: Podatki so bili pridobljeni s pomočjo deskriptivne metode dela, kot orodje za zbiranje podatkov je bil uporabljen polstrukturiran intervju. Intervjuji so bili izvedeni junija 2018. Vzorčenje je bilo namensko, vključenih pa je bilo šest starostnikov, ki so fizično aktivni in pogovorljivi. Njihovo sodelovanje je bilo prostovoljno, zagotovljena je bila anonimnost. Pogovore smo s strinjanjem udeležencev snemali z diktafonom. Na podlagi posnetkov so bili narejeni prepisi. Podatki so bili kvalitativno analizirani in razvrščeni v različne kategorije za interpretacijo rezultatov. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo šest starostnikov, od tega štirje moški in dve ženski. Intervjuvanci ob besedi prva pomoč najprej pomislijo na nesrečo in na pomoč sočloveku v nesreči. Vsi so se nazadnje iz prve pomoči usposabljali pred več kot 38-imi leti. Starostniki so pripravljeni obnoviti svoje znanje prve pomoči, najraje s poslušanjem predavanj, branjem zloženk in gledanjem televizije, nekateri pa bi tudi praktično vadili postopke na modelu. Intervjuvanca iz poznega starostnega obdobja se obnovitvenega tečaja s praktičnimi vajami ne bi več udeležila, bi pa poslušala predavanja. Glede na odgovore intervjuvancev, se kažejo razlike med mnenji starostnikov iz različnih starostnih skupin. Razprava in sklep: V raziskavo vključeni starostniki so zainteresirani za ponovno usposabljanje iz prve pomoči, le-to pa bi moralo biti prilagojeno njihovim zmožnostim, kar kažejo tudi rezultati drugih, sorodnih raziskav. Usposabljanje bi bilo smiselno izvajati v okviru različnih organizacij, kjer se izvajajo aktivnosti za starostnike. Seznaniti bi jih bilo potrebno z avtomatskim defibrilatorjem, saj večina od intervjuvanih starostnikov ne ve, kje se nahaja, niti za kaj se uporablja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: starostniki, usposabljanje, prva pomoč
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-105921
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5563499
• Publication date in RUL: 23.12.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Opinion of elderly about first aid training : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The life expectancy is extending, therefore the share of elderly people above 65 years is rapidly growing. Physical and mental changes in old age can make the elderly people more susceptible to injuries or sudden illness. With early detection of signs and symptoms and with proper actions, we can mitigate or prevent their consequences. The basic goals of first aid measures are not based solely on evidence-based scientific findings, but also on effectively training lay persons of all ages, even the elderly people. Purpose: To determine the elderly people’s opinion on first aid training. Methods: Data was obtained with the descriptive method and a semi-structured interview was used as a tool for collecting data. Interviews were carried out in June 2018. Sampling was purposive and included six elderly people who are physically active and talkative. Their participation was voluntary and anonymity was ensured. Interviews were recorded with the interviewees’ consent on a voice recorder. The voice records were used to make transcripts. Data was qualitatively analysed and classified into different categories for interpreting the results. Results: Six elderly people participated in the research, of which four were men and two were women. Interviewees associated the words “first aid” with accident and helping the fellow humans involved in an accident. All of them were last trained in first aid more than 38 years ago. The elderly people are willing to refresh their first aid knowledge, preferably by listening to lectures, reading brochures and watching TV, and some of them would also be willing to practice on a mannequin. Two interviewees of later old age would not be willing to participate in a refresher course with practical exercises, but would be willing to listen to lectures. This demonstrates the differences in the opinions of different age groups. Discussion and conclusion: The elderly persons who participated in the study are interested in first aid retraining, but the training would have to be adapted to their capabilities which is also evident from the results of other similar research. It would be sensible to conduct training as part of various organisations where activities for elderly people are conducted. The training would have to include familiarization with automatic defibrillators, because the majority of interviewed elderly people do not know where they are located and for what they are used.

• Keywords: elderly people, training, first aid