Čuječnost, doživljanje pozitivne in negativne emocionalnosti ter zadovoljstvo v družini : magistrsko delo

Ristevska, Elena (author), Cvetek, Robert (mentor)

Čuječnost je relativno nov psihološki konstrukt. Veliko raziskav dokazuje pozitivne učinke njegove uporabe tako v vsakdanjem življenju kot v svetu terapije. Raziskave poudarjajo, da je čuječnost sposobnost osredotočanja posameznika na sedanji trenutek in na boljše sprejemanje izkušnje takšne, kot je, ne da bi obsojali in ji pripisovali različne pomene. To omogoča boljša samoregulacija emocionalnih ter vedenjskih stanj, ki velikokrat povečuje pozitivno emocionalnost (Mishra 2017). V magistrskem delu smo želeli raziskati povezavo med čuječnostjo kot osebnostno lastnost v vsakdanjem življenju in pozitivno in negativno emocionalnostjo ter zadovoljstvom v družini. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 109 udeležencev, od katerih je bilo 30 moških (27,5 %) in 79 žensk (72,5 %). Najnižja starost je bila 16 let, najvišja pa 60 let. Konstrukt čuječnosti smo merili z vprašalnikom čuječnosti KIMS (Baer idr. 2004). Izraženost pozitivne in negativne emocionalnosti smo ocenjevali z vprašalnikom pozitivne in negativne emocionalnosti PANAS (Watson, Clark in Tellegen, 1988), zadovoljstvo v družini pa z lestvico za ocenjevanje zadovoljstva v družini KFLS (Corcoran and Fischer 2013). Rezultati raziskave so pokazali pozitivno zmerno povezanost med čuječnostjo in pozitivno emocionalnostjo. Vse dimenzije vprašalnika KIMS (»opazovanje«, »opisovanje«, »delovanje z zavedanjem«), razen dimenzije »sprejemanje brez presojanja«, so se povezovale statistično pomembno s »pozitivno emocionalnostjo«. Višja stopnja izraženosti čuječnosti naj bi pomenila bolj pogosto doživljanje pozitivnih emocij. V naši raziskavi je bila negativna povezava med negativno emocionalnostjo in čuječnostjo v skladu z večino svetovnih raziskav, ki pravijo, da bolj čuječi posamezniki verjetno poročajo o manj negativnih občutkih in obratno. Po drugi strani pa naj bi pozitivna korelacija med čuječnostjo in zadovoljstvom v družini pomenila, da je višja stopnja izraženosti čuječnosti povezana z višjim zadovoljstvom v družini. Pozitivna korelacija se je pokazala tudi med pozitivno emocionalnostjo in zadovoljstvom v družini. Dobljena korelacija pomeni, da verjetno bolj zadovoljni posamezniki v družini bolj pogosto izražajo pozitivne občutke. Ob razumevanju rezultatov je treba upoštevati omejitve raziskave.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: čuječnost, pozitivna in negativna emocionalnost, zadovoljstvo v družini.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: TEOF - Theological Faculty
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [E. Ristevska]
• Year: 2018
• Number of pages: VI, 55 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-105815
• UDC: 159.922.2:316.613.4(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8035162
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Mindfulness, experiencing positive and negative emotions and family satisfaction

Abstract

Mindfulness is a relatively new psychological construct for which a lot of research shows the positive effects of its use, as in everyday life, also in the world of therapy. Many of the studies conducted, emphasizes that mindfulness is the ability that enables a person to focus on the present moment and accept the nature of the experience as it is, without condemning and adding different meanings to it. This encourages better emotional and behavioral self-regulation that often leads to increasing positive affect (Mishra 2017). In our research, we wanted to present the connection between mindfulness as a personality trait and other constructs such as positive and negative affect and family satisfaction. The study involved 109 participants, of which 30 were men (27.5%) and 79 women (72.5%). The minimum age was 16 years and the maximum age was 60 years. The construct of mindfulness was measured with the KIMS Mindfulness Questionnaire (Baer et al., 2004). The expression of positive and negative emotionality was assessed with the Questionnaire for measuring positive and negative affect PANAS (Watson, Clark in Tellegen, 1988). Family satisfaction was assessed with the Kansas Family Satisfaction Scale KFSL (Corcoran and Fischer 2013, 364). The results of the study showed a positive, moderate connection between mindfulness and positive emotionality. All scales of the KIMS questionnaire (»observing«, »describing«, »acting with awareness«), with the exception of dimension »acceptance without judging«, showed statistically significant correlation with the positive affect scale. A higher level of mindfulness supposed to mean more frequent experiencing of positive emotions. In our study, the negative correlation between negative affect and mindfulness is consistent with most of the world's research. People with a higher degree of mindfulness are more likely to report less negative feelings and vice versa. On the other hand, the positive correlation between mindfulness and family satisfaction means that a higher level of mindfulness may be connected with higher level of satisfaction in the family. Positive correlation has also been shown between positive affect and family satisfaction. This correlation shows that individuals who show higher degree of satisfaction in the family are more likely to express more positive feelings. When understanding the results, the research limitations must be taken into account.

• Keywords: mindfulness, positive and negative affect, family satisfaction