Uporaba doktrine obveznosti zaščititi v primeru preganjanja Rohingov

Kramer, Andrew (author), Zupančič, Rok (mentor)

Vse države članice Združenih narodov so leta 2005 sprejele doktrino odgovornost zaščititi, ki narekuje, da je vsaka država dolžna preprečevati zagrešitev genocida, vojnih hudodelstev, etničnega čiščenja ter zločinov proti človeštvu. Preganjanje etnične manjšine Rohingov v Mjanmaru, ki je trenutno še vedno v poteku, je dober primer za študijo delovanja doktrine odgovornost zaščititi v praksi. Kljub vsesplošnim ugotovitvam, da se v Mjanmaru odvija etnično čiščenje ter zločini proti človeštvu, ni bilo s strani Združenih narodov ali katere od držav članic izvedenega nobenega odločilnega ukrepa. To magistrsko delo se ukvarja z vprašanjem, zakaj mednarodni skupnosti ni uspelo izpolniti obveznosti, ki jih nalaga doktrina odgovornost zaščititi. Analiza bo pokazala, da razvijajoča se norma koncepta človekove varnosti v praksi še ni dovolj uveljavljena, da bi prevladala nad neorealističnimi težnjami držav, ki si na vsak način želijo povečati svoj vpliv in moč, in da organizacija Združenih narodov ni zmožna uspešno uveljaviti doktrine odgovornost zaščititi.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: odgovornost zaščititi, Mjanmar, Rohingi
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-104789
• COBISS.SI-ID: 35970397
• Publication date in RUL: 11.10.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Application of the Responsibility to Protect doctrine to persecution of the Rohingya

Abstract

The Responsibility to Protect doctrine was accepted by all member states of the United Nations in 2005 and affirms that all nations have a responsibility to prevent the commission of genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity. The ongoing persecution of the Rohingya, a minority ethnic group in Myanmar, presents a case study for analysis of the Responsibility to Protect doctrine in practice. Despite widespread identification of ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity occurring in Myanmar no substantive action has been taken by the United Nations or any of its member states. This thesis paper analyzes why the international community failed to satisfy the obligations imposed by the Responsibility to Protect doctrine. Analysis will conclude that the emerging norm of human security is not yet strong enough to overcome the neorealist behavior of states seeking to maximize their power, and that the organization of the United Nations is not sufficient to successfully implement the Responsibility to Protect doctrine.

• Keywords: Responsibility to Protect, Myanmar, Rohingya