Tehnologije rej mlečnih koz v Sloveniji

Podobnik, Suzana (author), Cividini, Angela (mentor)

Za tehnologije rej koz najdemo veliko literature, ki pa je precej posplošena. V diplomski nalogi smo s pomočjo vprašalnika pridobili informacije o tehnologijah reje pri slovenskih rejcih mlečnih pasem koz. Vprašalnike smo poslali rejcem, ki redijo slovensko sansko in slovensko srnasto pasmo koz in so vključeni v kontrolo porekla in proizvodnje. Po opravljeni analizi odgovorov smo prepoznali dve različni tehnologiji reje (srednje intenzivna in ekstenzivna reja). Ugotovili smo, da je večina rejcev starejših od 50 let, velikostna struktura kmetij je majhna (do 30 ha). V ekstenzivni reji je velikosti tropa do 30 živali, starosti koz ob prvem pripustu večinoma 10-12 mesecev, tehnologija odstavitve je pozna (60-90 dni starosti kozličev), prehrani koz v posameznem obdobju ne posvečajo pozornosti. To se odraža na slabši mlečnosti in krajši laktaciji. Pri rejcih, ki smo jih razvrstili v srednje intenzivno rejo so tropi večji (več kot 30 živali), prvič pripuščajo pri starosti 10-12 mesecev ali manj, kozliče odstavljajo takoj ali pa pri 30-45 dneh starosti, v visoki brejosti in laktaciji povečajo vnos energije v krmni obrok. Skupne značilnosti, ki bi jih lahko pripisali obema tehnologijama reje so sezonsko naravnani pripusti, nenaklonjenost umetnemu osemenjevanju in bolezni, ki jih povzročajo notranji zajedavci.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: drobnica, koze, mlečne pasme, tehnologija, Slovenija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-104066
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4132744
• Publication date in RUL: 04.10.2018

PODOBNIK, Suzana, 2018, Tehnologije rej mlečnih koz v Sloveniji [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 18 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=104066

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Technologies of dairy goats rearing in Slovenia

Abstract

A lot of literature on goat rearing technologies can be found; however, most of it is quite generalized. In this study, information about the rearing technologies of Slovenian dairy goat breeders was obtained by questionnaire. The questionnaires were sent to breeders who breed the Slovenian Saanen and Slovenian Alpine goat and are included in the milk recording. The results suggest two different rearing technologies; semi intensive and extensive. It was established that the majority of breeders are over 50 years of age, and that the size of the farms is small (up to 30 ha). In extensive breeding, small-sized flocks are characterised, age at first mating exceed 10-12 months, the kids are weaned at 60-90 days of age, and the breeders do not pay special attention to the diet of goats in their particular production stage. This is reflected in a lower milk yield and shorter lactation period. In the semi intensive breeding, flocks are larger (more than 30 animals), on average does being 10-12 months old or less at first mating, kids’ weaning age is lower (3-4 days or 30-45 days old), and during the late pregnancy and lactation periods, the breeders supplement goat diet with energy. Common characteristics that can be attributed to the two breeding technologies are mating season from August to November, no use of artificial insemination and health problems caused by internal parasites.

• Keywords: small ruminants, goats, dairy goats, technology, Slovenia