The thesis includes the presentation of sniping and sniper weapons in specialized units of the armed forces and specialized police units. The diploma paper describes the bolt action mechanism and the semi automatic mechanism of a sniper rifle. By studying the characteristics of both types of the action of a firearm, I discovered and presented its advantages and disadvantages. By comparing sniper rifles with regard to the type of action they use to operate, I found out which of the action type is more suitable for various tasks. In the diploma thesis, I also compared sniping in specialized units of the armed forces with sniping in specialized police units, and found and explained the differences between them. In addition, I then listed examples of the different sniper rifles used in both groups of snipers. With help of known tactical differences and different tasks performed by snipers in specialized units of the armed forces and snipers in specialized police units, I then explained which sniper rifle, regarding to its type of action, is more appropriate for use by snipers in specialized units of the armed forces, and which, in the case of snipers in specialized police units, and how the selection of different sniper rifles affects the tactics of the sniper by accomplishing his task.
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