Kriptovalute in pametne pogodbe : magistrsko delo

Zupanc, Estela Emanuela (author), Orbanić, Alen (mentor)

S kriptovalutami se srečujemo že slabo desetletje, svoj razcvet pa so doživele leta 2017. Še vedno pa so šele v začetni fazi bločne verige, ki pa bodo zagotovo imele velik vpliv na finančne sisteme in gospodarstvo držav ter hkrati na življenje vsakega posameznika. Magistrsko nalogo, ki sestoji iz petih ključnih poglavij, vsebinsko razdelimo na dva dela. Prvi del zajema prvi dve poglavji, kjer podrobneje opišemo ključne značilnosti najpomembnejših bločnih verig Bitcoina in Ethereuma in prestavimo njuno delovanje. V drugem delu naloge je opisano, kako si vzpostaviti razvojno okolje za pisanje preprostih pametnih pogodb v programskem jeziku Solidity. Pogledali si bomo, kako je definiran standard ERC20 žetonov, ki določa skupen seznam pravil, ki jih je potrebno upoštevati v Ethereum. Na koncu pa je poudarek na računalniški varnosti pri razvoju pametnih pogodb. S primeri pokažemo slabe prakse nekaterih varnostnih pomanjkljivosti ter ustrezne rešitve zanje. V zaključku omenimo nekaj najosnovnejših primerov znanih napadov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Bitcoin, veriga blokov, transakcije, Ethereum, pametne pogodbe, Solidity, ERC20, varnost
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103992
• UDC: 519.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18458969
• Publication date in RUL: 30.09.2018

ZUPANC, Estela Emanuela, 2018, Kriptovalute in pametne pogodbe : magistrsko delo [online]. Master’s thesis. [Accessed 25 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=103992

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Cryptocurrency and smart contract

Abstract

Nearly a decade ago cryptocurrencies came into existence, but it was not until 2017 when they expanded considerably. Thus, blockchains still remain in their initial stages, but they will definitely greatly influence financial systems, countries’ economies and the life of an everyday man in the future. This master’s thesis, which consists of five main chapters, is roughly divided into two parts. The first part, which covers the first two chapters of the thesis, describes in detail the main characteristics of the most important blockchains Bitcoin and Ethereum and presents their functionality. The second part of the thesis explains how to establish a development environment for writing basic smart contracts in the programming language Solidity. Then follows a description of the ERC20 token standard which determines a common list of rules that need to be applied in Ethereum. The last chapter focuses on computer security when developing smart contracts, shows, through examples, good and bad practices and security deficiencies, and finally, lists some of the most basic examples of known attacks.

• Keywords: Bitcoin, blockchain, transaction, Ethereum, smart contracts, Solidity, ERC20, security