Doživljanje žensk pri želeni prekinitvi nosečnosti : diplomsko delo

Škriba, Klara (author), Thaler, Darja (mentor)

Uvod: Umetna prekinitev nosečnosti je tema, ki v javnosti še vedno buri duhove. Nasprotniki postopka pogosto kot argument uporabljajo dejstvo, da umetna prekinitev nosečnosti vpliva na mentalno zdravje ženske. Poznavanje posledic je pomembno tudi s stališča strokovnjakov, ki morajo vedeti, kako ženski zagotoviti najboljšo obravnavo, da posledice postopka čim bolj omilijo. Namen: Raziskati, ali imajo ženske po umetni prekinitvi nosečnosti psihološke posledice in kakšne te posledice so. V nadaljevanju je namen ugotoviti, kaj vpliva na morebitna negativna čustva in kakšno obravnavo zagotoviti ženskam, da se te negativne učinke v čim večji meri prepreči. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna ali opisna metoda dela s sistematičnim pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature. Obstoječo znanstveno literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo baz PubMed, DiKUL in Google Učenjak. Rezultati: Najbolj pogosti razlogi za umetno prekinitev nosečnosti so finančne narave in razlogi, povezani s težavami v partnerskem odnosu. Pozitiven vpliv pri soočenju s postopkom ima samostojnost pri odločanju. Na počutje vplivajo tudi kakovostna obravnava strokovnjakov in doktrina institucije, ki ženskam zagotovi ne samo varen postopek, pač pa tudi potrebno podporo. Na počutje žensk, še posebej tistih, ki so pri odločitvi neodločene, negativno vplivajo tudi protestniki. Njihova prisotnost ženskam povzroča večje občutke sramu in stigme. Ženske imajo pogosto negativne občutke v zvezi s samo nosečnostjo in ne z umetno prekinitvijo. Tako pozitivna kot negativna čustva se na dolgi rok umirijo. Velik del negativnih čustev ženske čutijo na račun stigmatizacije, ki na njih negativno vpliva pred in po splavu. Obravnava nosečnice, ki želi nosečnost prekiniti, mora poleg razlage postopkov vključevati tudi odziv na njene emocionalne potrebe. Razprava in zaključek: Umetna prekinitev nosečnosti je pogost postopek pri ženskah v rodni dobi. Glede na pogostost in kontroverznost postopka pa je pomembno razumeti tudi njegov dolgoročni psihofizični vpliv. V slovenskem prostoru močno primanjkuje kvalitetnih raziskav s področja psiholoških učinkov umetne prekinitve nosečnosti in stigme, ki jo obkroža. Prav tako primanjkujejo standardi obravnave žensk, ki bi zdravstvenim strokovnjakom pomagali, ženskam izboljšati izkušnjo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: splav, umetna prekinitev nosečnosti, stigma, psihološke posledice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103969
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5498475
• Publication date in RUL: 29.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Women's experience with elective abortion : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Elective abortion is a procedure which still apears to be a taboo in public. One of the arguments that opposing side uses is that abortion affects women's mental health. Knowing the concequenses that abortion might have is important also for professionals working with those women, so they know how to minimize emotional difficulties that women might face. Purpose: Research if there are psychological concequenses and what they are. In further part of the thesis the purpose is to research what causes the negative feelings and how to provide the best care for women undergoing the procedure. Methods: In the thesis we used descriptive method with systematic literature review. We searched for the existing scientific literature with PubMed, DiKUL and Google Scholar. Results: Most frequent reported reasons for seeking abortion are of a financial nature and troubles in a relationship. Autonomy at decision making turned out to have a postive influence dealing with abortion. Quality, professional staff and institution doctrine that offers women safe procedure and support also affect womens emotions. Protesters have a negative impact on women, especially those that struggle with the decision making. Their presence makes women feel ashamed and stigmatized. Negative feelings that women have are mostly associated with pregnancy and not abortion. Feelings, negative and positive, fade over time. A big part in negative emotions that women have are a result of stigma, which affects women in a negative way before, during and after the abortion. A care for a pregnant woman has to include procedure explanation and a response to her emotional needs. Discussion and conclusion: Abortion is a common procedure for women in their fertile age. Understanding its affects is very important, especially because of its frequency and controversy. Slovenia lacks proper research about abortion and the stigma around it. Standards for care of a woman that could help professionals provide the best care possible are also lacking.

• Keywords: abortion, artificial abortion, stigma, psychological consequences