Analiza plavalnega znanja kandidatov in kandidatk pri sprejemnem postopku za vpis na študij Univerze v Ljubljani, Fakultete za šport z uporabo kvalitativne merske lestvice : magistrsko delo

Virag, Jure (author), Kapus, Jernej (mentor)

Trenutna merska lestvica ocenjevanja znanja plavanja temelji predvsem na kvantitativnih kriterijih (dolžina preplavane razdalje ter čas plavanja v določeni tehniki). Kvalitativnih pristopov k ocenjevanju plavalne tehnike je pri nas in v svetu malo. Zato je bila pred kratkim oblikovana lestvica na osnovi napak, ki se pogosto pojavljajo in pomembno vplivajo na uspešnost plavanja. Lestvica je bila narejena na osnovi znanja in izkušenj slovenskih plavalnih strokovnjakov, vendar do sedaj še ni bila preverjena v praksi. Cilja sta bila dva. Skladno s prvim smo želeli ugotoviti, katere načine pri testu 100 metrov prosto uporabljajo kandidati in kandidatke in kako hitri so z njimi. Skladno z drugim smo želeli ugotoviti, katere napake se najpogosteje pojavljajo pri kravlu in prsnem in kako je njihova pojavnost, torej kvalitativna ocena znanja plavanja, povezana s časom kandidatov in kandidatk prvih 50 metrov plavanja. Ločeno po spolu smo analizirali rezultate in načine plavanja kandidatk in kandidatov. Analizo smo opravili na vzorcu 286 kandidatov in kandidatk, ki so sodelovali na sprejemnem postopku leta 2016. Uporabili smo test 100 metrov prosto. Ugotovili smo, da največ kandidatov in kandidatk plava kravl. Ta skupina je tudi dosegla najboljše rezultate. Ugotovili smo tudi, da se pri prsnem najpogosteje pojavljata napaki »prekratko drsenje« in »glava je ves čas plavanja obrnjena naprej«, pri kravlu pa »plavalec potaplja drsečo roko med vdihom« in »plavalec ne zaključi zaveslaja pri boku – krajšanje zaveslaja zadaj«. S pomočjo Pearsonovega koeficienta korelacije smo dokazali povezanost med vsoto s točkami ovrednotenih napak, ki so se pojavljale med plavanjem, ter časom, ki so ga kandidati in kandidatke dosegli v prvih 50 metrih plavanja. Povezanost je statistično značilna (p < 0,05) v pozitivni smeri. Pri kravlu je povezava med spremenljivkami visoka oz. močna, pri prsnem pa zmerna oz. srednja. To pomeni, da so kandidati in kandidatke z nižjo vsoto s točkami ovrednotenih napak dosegli boljše rezultate.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: sprejemni postopek, plavanje, plavalno znanje, plavalni način, kvalitativno ocenjevanje, napake, test, rezultati.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103945
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5391281
• Publication date in RUL: 29.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Swimming knowledge analysis of candidates during the acceptance procedure for enrolment at the University of Ljubjana, Faculty of sport using the qualitative measuring scale

Abstract

The current measuring scale for evaluating swimming knowledge is primarily based on qualitative criteria (distance covered and final result while swimming in a specific technique). There are only few qualitative approaches to evaluating swimming technique, both in Slovenia and around the world. For this specific purpose, scale for evaluating swimming knowledge via mistakes in technique was recently designed. The scale was made by Slovenian swimming experts and based on their professional knowledge and experiences. However, it has not been tested in practice yet. The thesis had two main purposes. The first was to establish, which swimming techniques are used by candidates in the 100m distance and what results they achieve with said techniques. The second was set out to determine, which mistakes most commonly occurred during front crawl and breaststroke as well as how their occurrence i.e. qualitative evaluation of swimming knowledge, connects to candidates’ times at the first 50m distance. The results were analysed separately for male and female. The analysis was done on a sample of 286 candidates, who participated in the acceptance procedure in 2016. The test was based on 100m freestyle. We established that most candidates swam front crawl. This group also achieved the best results. Additionally, we established that during breaststroke, the most common mistakes were “insufficient gliding” and “head is above the water”. In front crawl, common errors were “sinking the extending arm when inhaling” and “finish the stroke to early”. By using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, we confirmed a linear correlation between the amount of numerically evaluated mistakes, which occurred during swimming, and the result, which candidates achieved in the first 50m of swimming. The correlation is statistically positive (p < 0,05) and is strong/high between variables in relation to front crawl and moderate/medium in breaststroke. This means that the candidates with the lowest amount of numerically evaluated mistakes achieved the best results.

• Keywords: acceptance procedure, swimming, swimming knowledge, swimming style, qualitative evaluation, mistakes, testing, results.