Neurological mechanisms, which regulate brain circuits of pleasure, motivation and rewards in humans, as in other mammalian species, which show intense social behavior that is manifested as care for the offspring and the preference of a long-standing partner, coincide and are constituted by the components of wishes, likes and learning. These components are crucial for the analysis of pleasure and sexuality. Critical for the examination of pleasure is the mezo-cortico-limbic dopamine circuit, which regulates the level of the likes of the prize, its intensity and its meaning. A key place to control the emotional response of the organism to the stimulus after re-evaluation of its meaning, which is dependent on the operation of the prefrontal cortices, plays gyrus cinguli. In the case of women's sexual functions, whose development depends on the availability of estrogens, influencing the formation of sexual dimorphic brain, the feeling of happiness is positively associated with increased blood flow in this region and negatively associated with the blood flow in amygdala. On the contrary, the male sexual function is positively related to the blood flow in amygdala, its size, and in the case of a man also associated with a greater libido. Biological indicators, which are critical for the development of female sexual function are testosterone, from the availability of which sexual desire is dependent, the adrenaline, which depends on the functioning of the sympathetic part of autonomic nervous system, which is activated at the arousal, and oxytocin, which is released when experiencing orgasm, and whose availability is positively associated with reports of the intensity of the orgasm.
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