Učinki elastičnih lepilnih trakov na zmanjšanje bolečine pri nespecifični kronični bolečini v križu : diplomsko delo

Vidmar, Anamarija (author), Divjak, Mojca (mentor)

Uvod: bolečina v križu (BK) je resen svetoven zdravstveni problem. Po ocenah naj bi kar 60–80 % odraslih oseb enkrat v življenju doživelo izkušnjo z BK, 10–20 % od njih ima napredovanje v kronično bolečino, kar se obravnava kot obdobje, daljše od 3 mesecev, prognoza pa je neugodna in povezana z visokimi stroški zdravljenja ter nezmožnostjo za delo. Nespecifična BK je definirana kot bolečina, lokalizirana od spodnjega rebrnega loka zadaj do zadnjičnih gub, v kombinaciji z bolečino v nogi ali brez nje, brez specifične patologije, kot je tumor, zlomi ali vnetja v področju hrbtenice. Povečano tveganje za razvoj BK naj bi predstavljali: fizična dela z dvigovanjem, vlečenjem in potiskanjem bremen nad 11 kg, dela v stoječem položaju, nezadovoljstvo z delom, manjša mišična moč pa tudi debelost in kajenje. Terapija BK je v 95 % konservativna, uporabljajo pa se fizikalno-rehabilitacijske metode. Nova alternativna oblika zdravljenja BK so tudi elastični lepilni trakovi (KT). Oblikovani so bili kot dodatek k zdravljenju, ker zagotavljajo podporo in stabilnost mišicam ter sklepom, brez omejevanja telesnih obsegov gibljivosti. Aplikacija KT izboljša mišične funkcije, pospeši cirkulacije (krvnega obtoka in limfnega obtoka), zmanjšanje bolečine, povzroči segmentalen učinek in daje oporo sklepom. Namen: predstaviti smo želeli učinek aplikacije KT s tenzijo ali brez nje na bolečino pri kronični nespecifični BK. Metode dela: s podatkovnimi bazami preko oddaljenega dostopa smo pridobili 6 ustreznih raziskav. Raziskave so bile objavljene med letoma 2012 in 2018 ter so vključevale poskuse glede aplikacije KT s tenzijo in brez nje. Rezultati: glavni rezultati kažejo, da odstotek tenzije ne vpliva na zmanjšanje kronične nespecifične BK. Posamezne raziskave so navedle izboljšanja, vendar so tako minimalna, da v večini primerov niso klinično pomembna. Tudi glede ostalih meritev gibljivosti in nezmožnosti niso navedli pomembnih razlik med aplikacijama ter izboljšanjem stanja. Razprava in sklep: KT se lahko uporabljajo kot dodatek k zdravljenju in pri zmanjšanju bolečine ter v kombinaciji z ostalimi fizioterapevtskimi postopki. So varni, preprosti za nameščanje in poceni.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kronična nespecifična bolečina, bolečina v križu, elastični lepilni trakovi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103525
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5489003
• Publication date in RUL: 19.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of kinesio tape on pain in chronic non-specific low back pain : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Lower back pain (LBP) is a serious worldwide health problem. It is estimated that up to 60-80% of grown-ups has experienced LBP in their lifetime, of which in 10-20% of cases, it has progressed to chronic pain, when it lasts for longer than three months. The prognosis is unwell and connected with high medical treatment expenses and inability to work. Unspecific LBP is defined as a localised pain from lower rib arch to buttock wrinkles in a combination with or without leg pain, without specific pathology as tumors, breaks or inflamations in the spinal area. Physical works including lifting, dragging or pushing loads higher than 11 kilograms, working in a standing position, work insatisfaction, smaller muscle strength, overweightness and smoking all contribute to higher risks of LBP development. LBP therapy is 95% conservative, physically-rehabilitational methods are also used. A new alternative is treatment with elastic adhesive tapes. Those were designed as treatment supplements, as they provide support and stability to muscles and joints without limiting their movability. Elastic adhesive tape applications improve muscle functions, increase blood and limpf circulation, reduce pain, support joints and have a segmental effect. Purpose: We wanted to introduce the effect of elastic adhesive tape applications with or without tension to chronical unspecified lower back pain. Methods: With remote access data bases, we obtained 6 researches. Those were published from 2012 to 2018 and included experiments with elastic adhesive tape applications with or without tension. Results: Majority of the results show, that tension precentage does not have an influence on reducing pain in case of chronin unspecified lower back pain. Indicidual researches show improvements, but those are minimal to the extent that they have no clinical significance. Even in other measurements, as movement and inability, no significant connections were found in elastic adhesive tape application. Discussion and conclusion: Elastic adhesive tapes can be used as a supplement to treatment and pain reduction to other phisiotherapeutic procedures. They are safe, easy to apply and cheap.

• Keywords: chronic unspecific pain, lower back pain, elastic adhesive tapes