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Vpliv načrtovane zdravstvene vzgoje na pacientovo obvladovanje astme : diplomsko delo
ID Zakovšek, Anja (Author), ID Djekić, Bernarda (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Kvas, Andreja (Comentor)

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Abstract
Uvod: Astma je ena izmed najpogostejših kroničnih bolezni dihal. Na svetu je preko 300 milijonov ljudi, ki so zboleli za to boleznijo. Številka obolelih se z leti še povečuje. Težave so povezane s slabim nadzorom astme, kar se kaže s pogostimi simptomi poslabšanja bolezni, slabšim delovanjem pljuč, nižjo ravnjo psihološkega zdravja, povečano uporabo zdravstvenih storitev in povečano funkcionalno invalidnostjo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti vpliv načrtovane zdravstvene vzgoje na pacientovo obvladovanje astme. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metode dela, ki je temeljila na pregledu in analizi tuje in domače strokovne ter znanstvene literature. Iskanje literature je potekalo preko spletnega portala digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani (DiKul), v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah. Iskanje literature je bilo omejeno na literaturo zadnjih desetih let, iskanje pa je potekalo od oktobra 2017 do marca 2018. Rezultati: V analizo je bilo vključenih 15 člankov. Opazne so razlike v kakovosti obvladovanja astme pri pacientih, ki so imeli vključene dodatne zdravstveno vzgojne intervencije. Velik problem predstavlja velika heterogenost ljudi obolelih za astmo, kar postavlja stalen izziv, kako paciente motivirati in izboljšati njihovo znanje samonadzora. V zadnjem obdobju se z razvojem sodobne informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije odpirajo nove možnosti, kjer bi lahko pacienti bili v stalnem stiku z zdravstvenimi delavci in tudi z ostalimi obolelimi. Razprava in zaključek: Zdravljenje astme je največkrat doživljenjsko, zato je pomembno, da ima pacient usvojene znanje in veščine samonadzora. K temu pripomore zdrav življenjski slog in izdelan načrt zdravstvene vzgoje, v katerem morajo biti opredeljeni jasni cilji, ki so prilagojeni posamezniku, njegovi družini, okolju, kjer živi ter njegovemu dosedanjemu znanju in poznavanju bolezni. Potrebno je redno spremljanje, preverjanje in prilagajanje usvojenih veščin in znanja. Vpliv vključevanja sodobne informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije v zdravstveno vzgojo je potrebno še raziskati in prilagoditi specifičnim potrebam oseb z astmo.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:odrasli, samonadzor bolezni, učenje pacientov, informacijsko-komunikacijska tehnologija, medicinska sestra
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
Year:2018
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-103520 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:5487467 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:19.09.2018
Views:1565
Downloads:336
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The impact of planned health education on patient's asthma control : diploma work
Abstract:
Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases. There are over 300 million people who suffer from this disease. The number of affected has been increasing over the years. The problems are associated with poor asthma control, which is reflected in the frequent symptoms of exacerbation of the disease, poorer functioning of the lungs, lower levels of psychological health, increased use of health services and increased functional disability. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to present the influence of planned health education on the patient's management of asthma. Methods: A descriptive research method was used, based on the review and analysis of foreign and domestic professional and scientific literature. The literature search was carried out through the web portal of the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana (DiKul), in international databases. The search for literature was limited to literature over the last ten years and searched from October 2017 to March 2018. Results: There were 15 articles included in the analysis. In older studies, some authors did not find statistically significant differences in the quality of asthma management in patients who had additional healthcare interventions involved, which significantly differs from recent researches. According to numerous authors from recent researches, the positive effects of planned health education on the quality of asthma self-management have been identified. Heterogeneity of people who have asthma poses a problem and presents a constant struggle to motivate patients to improve their self-management knowledge. New opportunities are opening up with the development of modern information and communication technology, where patients could be in constant contact with healthcare professionals as well as with other patients. Discussion and conclusion: Asthma treatment is most often lifelong, so it is essential that the patient acquired the knowledge and skills of self-management. A healthy lifestyle contributes to this, as well as a plan for health education, in which clear goals are set that are adjusted to the individual, his family, the environment where he lives, and his previous knowledge of the disease. Regular monitoring, verification and adaptation of the acquired knowledge and skills are required. In the recent period, health professionals are also trying to integrate a variety of modern information and communication technology into the health education process.

Keywords:adults, self-monitoring, patient learning, information and communication technology, nurse

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