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Vpliv pripravkov za inokuliranje z bakterijami Rhizobium spp. na pridelek krmnega graha (Pisum sativum L.) vitičarja
ID Jugovic, Barbara (Author), ID Kocjan Ačko, Darja (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Flajšman, Marko (Co-mentor)

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Abstract
Krmni grah (Pisum sativum L.) je za sojo druga najpomembnejša zrnata stročnica, ki se jo prideluje za prehrano domačih živali. Poleg beljakovinsko bogatega zrnja je ena od najpomembnejših lastnosti graha simbioza z bakterijami iz rodu Rhizobium, ki pozitivno vplivajo na pridelek in rodovitnost tal. Leta 2017 je bilo v Sloveniji z grahom posejanih 658 ha s pridelkom 2700 kg suhega zrnja na hektar. Zaradi želje po večjih in kakovostnejših pridelkih se kmetovalci v svetu odločajo za inokulacijo semena krmnega graha, kjer pred setvijo na seme nanesejo simbiotske pripravke, ki naj bi pridelek povečali za vsaj 20 %. Na poskusnem polju Biotehniške fakultete smo v letu 2018 posejali dve sorti jarega krmnega graha (Eso, Astronaute), ki smo ju inokulirali s šestimi različnimi simbiotskimi pripravki. Namen poljskega poskusa je bil ugotoviti vpliv pripravkov za inokulacijo na pridelek zrnja. Skozi rastno sezono smo spremljali razvojne faze posevka, naredili analizo nodulacije in stehtali pridelek zrnja. Največji pridelek zrnja pri 14-odstotni vlažnosti (4846 kg zrnja/ha) in največje število strokov na rastlino (3,7) je imela sorta 'Eso' pri kontroli št. 2 Med pripravki je imel največji pridelek inokulant št. 6 pri sorti 'Astronaute' (2852 kg/ha), najmanjši pridelek pa inokulant št. 5 pri sorti 'Eso' (823 kg/ha). Največjo absolutno maso je imela sorta 'Astronaute' (339 g) pri uporabi inokulanta št. 1. Največ nodulov na rastlino (30,1) je bilo oblikovanih pri uporabi inokulanta št. 6. Na rast in razvoj ter pridelek graha so močno vplivala tla, ki so bila slabo odcedna. Na nekaterih parcelah so rastline propadle v času rastne dobe, pridelek zrnja pa so zmanjšali tudi golobi, ki so pozobali zrelo zrnje.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:krmni grah, Pisum sativum, simbioza, pripravki za inokuliranje, pridelek zrnja
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:[B. Jugovic]
Year:2018
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-103512 This link opens in a new window
UDC:633.35:579.841.3:631.559(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:9035641 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:19.09.2018
Views:1629
Downloads:324
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The influence of preparations for inoculation with bacteria Rhizobium ssp. on the yield of field pea (Pisum sativum l.) with tendriles
Abstract:
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is the second most important grain legume after the soybean, which is produced for the consumption of domestic animals. Besides grains rich in protein, the most important characteristic of the pea is its symbiosis with bacteria of the genus Rhizobium, which positively influences the yield and fertility of the soil. In 2017, 658 hectares of peas were sown in Slovenia with a yield of 2,700 kg of dry grain per hectare. Because of the need for bigger yields with higher quality, farmers throughout the world choose to inoculate field peas with bacterial inoculants, which are applied on the seed before sowing. Inoculation is expected to increase the yield by 20 %. At the experimental field of the Biotechnical Faculty, we sow two varieties of field pea ('Eso', 'Astronaute') in 2018, which we have inoculated with six different symbiotic inoculants. The aim of this field experiment was to determine the effect of the symbiotic inoculants on the grain yield. During the growing season, we have been monitoring the development of the plants, we also analyzed root nodulation and assessed the grain yield. The highest yield at 14 percent seed moisture (4580 kg of grain per hectare) and the largest number of husks on the plant (3.7) were recorded for the 'Eso' variety in control 2. Among the used inoculants, the highest yield was achieved with inoculant 6 in the 'Astronaute' variety with 2852 kg of grain per hectare, and the lowest yield had inoculant 5 in the 'Eso' variety with 823 kg of grain per hectare. The highest absolute mass had 'Astronaute' variety (339 g) inoculated with inoculant 1. The largest number of nodules per plant (30.1) was formed at inoculant 6. The growth and yield was strongly influenced by soils that were poorly drained. On some plots all plants were destroyed during growth season, the yield was also reduced during ripening by the pigeons that pecked the grains.

Keywords:field pea, Pisum sativum, symbiosis, preparations for inoculation, grain yield

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