The goal of graduation thesis was to present the systems of rearing of dairy cows and the factors, which influenced on their health and well-being. In the first part of this thesis recommended standards and factors as micro-climate in the stable, the cubicles respectively the place for resting, feeding alley respectively feeding area, drinking troughs with drinkable water, floor in the barn, lighting, milking, and the most common diseases which emerge among dairy cows: mastitis and hoof diseases are described. In the second part of the thesis, the system of rearing and housing on four dairy farms from the Carinthia region, which are specialized to milk production, are presented. Together with the breeders, we performed the professional evaluation of conditions in their barns and placing their dairy cows and young stock at these farms. Based on results of the analyses that were made on these four farms, we ascertained that free housing systems are more comfortable for the animals in comparison to the tie-stall housing system. Newer barns are built with the emphasis on the comfort and functionality and therefore newer barns are better for dairy cows than older barns. The breeders realize the importance of comfort for animals, safe and hygienic of rearing and that such a system of rearing and housing enables better production results and less problems with health. For this reason, the breeders look for the improvement of accommodation for their animals and they are building new barns.
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