Kakovost in količina pridelka šalotke (Allium ascalonicum L.) glede na vrsto sadilnega materiala in gnojenje

Skok, Veronika (author), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor)

V poskusu, ki je bil izveden na poskusnem polju Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani, od marca do julija 2017, smo preizkušali, kako vrsta sadilnega materiala vpliva na količino in kakovost pridelka šalotke. Primerjali smo pridelavo šalotke iz čebulčka in pridelavo šalotke iz sadik. V poskus smo vključili dve sorti šalotke ('Red Sun' in 'Golden Gourmet'), ki smo jo gojili s sajenjem čebulčka in dve sorte (′Ambition′ in ′Chamelot′), ki smo ju gojili preko predhodno vzgojenih sadik šalotke. V poskusu nas je tudi zanimalo, kako gnojenje z dušikom in žveplom vpliva na pridelek šalotke, zato smo primerjali štiri različna gnojilna obravnavanja. Izkazalo se je, da dosežemo večji hektarski pridelek s sajenjem čebulčka (v povprečju 17,85 t/ha pri sorti 'Red Sun' in 14,67 t/ha pri sorti 'Golden Gourmet'), glede na šalotko, gojeno preko sadik (v povprečju 10,32 t/ha pri sorti 'Chamelot' in 7,56 t/ha pri sorti 'Ambition') Šalotke posajene iz čebulčka imajo večje število čebulic v gnezdu (od 2 do 12), posamezne čebulice pa so manjše, kot pri šalotki sajeni preko sadik, kjer so imele rastline do 2 čebulici na gnezdo. Šalotke vzgojene iz sadik pa so imele večji delež debelejših čebulic (13,4 %) glede na šalotke, gojene iz čebulčka (4,6 %). Pri večini sort smo največji ha pridelek dosegli z gnojenjem z dušikom (N120S0) (14,18 t/ha). Uporaba kalijevega sulfata ni imela vidnega pozitivnega učinka na pridelek in kakovost čebulic. Bolje se je obneslo dognojevanje z N v kombinaciji z KCl (N120S0) glede na kombinacijo s K2SO4 (N120S65).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: šalotka, Allium ascalonicum, gnojenje, sadike, seme, pridelek, kakovost pridelka
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [V. Skok]
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-103351
• UDC: 635.263:631.8:631.559(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 9038457
• Publication date in RUL: 16.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Quality and quantity of shallot produce (Allium ascalonicum L.) by type of planting material and fertilization

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field at the Biotehnical Faculty in Ljubljana, from March to Julij 2017. The production of shallots from bulbs and from seedlings were compared. Two varieties of shallot bulbs ('Red Sun' and 'Golden Gourmet') and two varieties of shallots seedlings ('Ambition' and 'Chamelot') were included in our experiment. We also compared four diferent fertilization treatments of shallot plants. Larger yield was found at shallots planted from bulbs (average 17.85 t/ha at 'Red Sun' and 14.67 t/ha at 'Golden Gourmet') in comparison with shallots planted from seedlings (average 10.32 t/ha at 'Chamelot' and 7.56 t/ha at 'Ambition'). Shallots planted from bulbs also have a larger number of bulbs in the clusters (from 2 to 12), than shallots planted from seedlings with 2 bulbs per cluster. Shallots grown from seeedlings had a larger proportion of thicker bulbs (13.4 %) in comparison with shallots grown from bulbs (4.6 %). In most varieties, the highest yields were achieved by fertilization with nitrogen (N120S0) (14.18 t/ha), the addition of sulfur did not have a visible nor measurable positive effect on shallot yield and bulb quality. To achieve higher yield, fertilization with N in combination with KCl (N120S0) was found better than in combination with K2SO4 (N120S65).

• Keywords: shallots, Allium ascalonicum, fertilization, seedlings, seeds, yield quality