Merjenje temperature prašičev s termovizijsko kamero in določitev najprimernejšega mesta za merjenje

CIPOT, TADEJ (author), Pušnik, Igor (mentor), Štukelj, Marina (co-mentor)

Ker je merjenje temperature s kontaktnim termometrom zamudno, smo želeli ugotoviti, ali lahko s termovizijsko kamero enakovredno ali še bolj točno kot z rektalnim termometrom izmerimo telesno temperaturo prašiča. Meritve izvajamo na petih različnih merilnih mestih: oko, notranje uho, zunanji uhelj, perianalni del in rektum. Namen je bil ugotoviti najbolj primerno mesto merjenja telesne temperature s termovizijsko kamero, kjer bo temperatura najbolj primerljiva s temperaturo izmerjeno v rektumu. Za referenco namreč vedno uporabljamo izmerjeno rektalno temperaturo z umerjenim kontaktnim termometrom. Za merjenje temperature v prasilišču na štirih merilnih mestih smo uporabili termovizijsko kamero Flir T650sc in termovizijsko kamero Fluke TiS45. Flir T650sc sodi v višji, Fluke TiS45 pa v nižji cenovni in kakovostni razred. Namen merjenja z dvema termovizijskima kamerama je bil ugotoviti, ali bi s poceni termovizijsko kamero enako dobro izmerili telesno temperaturo prašičev kot z dražjo. V čakališču in pripustišču smo merili samo z eno termovizijsko kamero − Flir T650sc, ker so prašiči v čakališču v skupinah in se gibljejo nekontrolirano, v pripustišču, kjer so svinje vhlevljene indviualno, pa zaradi nedostopnosti do merilnih mest, saj v danem trenutku ni mogoče opraviti dveh kvalitetnih meritev z obema termovizijskima kamerama. Meritve dveh termovizijskih kamer se razlikujejo. Ob primerjavi izmerjene rektalne temperature v primerjavi s temperaturami v notranjem ušesu prašiča (sluhovod) je termovizijska kamera Flir 650sc bolj točna kot termovizijska kamera Fluke TiS45. Na ostalih merilnih mestih, kjer se temperatura ne ujema z izmerjeno referenčno rektalno temperaturo, se opazijo razlike izmerjenih vrednosti na enakem merilnem mestu med dvema termovizijskima kamerama. Izkazalo se je, da je najbolj primerljiva temperatura z referenčno rektalno temperaturo temperatura notranjega ušesa (sluhovoda), izmerjena s termovizijsko kamero Flir T650sc. Vendar so opazna tudi odstopanja. Do odstopanj pride zaradi poraščenosti, prenosa toplote iz predmetov hleva na prašiča in kota merjenja. Hitro smo ugotovili, da bodo meritve težavne, saj prašič ni ubogljiva žival. Problematično je bilo predvsem to, da žival dlje časa ni bila v mirovanju, da bi s termovizijsko kamero izmerili telesno temperaturo na izbranih mestih. Problem smo deloma rešili tako, da sta meritve izvajali dve osebi (merilec in pomočnik). Pojavil se je drugi problem − prenos toplote z ostalih predmetov − predvsem tal hleva na prašiča. To smo skušali rešiti tako, da smo žival opazovali dlje časa v stoječem položaju in ji potem izmerili temperaturo. Pojavil se je tudi problem poraščenosti kože. Ker vsi prašiči niso enakomerno poraščeni, se je temperatura spreminjala na posameznem merilnem mestu glede na poraščenost kože. Pri obdelavi podatkov in analizi ter po posvetu z rejcem smo prišli do zaključka, da je merjenje temperature s termovizijsko kamero zamudnejše, manj točno in odvisno še od drugih dejavnikov (poraščenost kože, prenos toplote z drugih predmetov, kot merjenja, temperatura ozadja, gibanje živali). Ko prištejemo še stroške za nakup termovizijske kamere, se vse to izkaže za ekonomsko neupravičeno potezo. Temperaturo hitreje in točneje izmerimo s kontaktnim termometrom v rektumu. Izkazalo se je, da je termovizijska kamera Flir 650sc boljša od Fluke TiS45, saj so izmerjene temperature notranjega ušesa (sluhovoda) bolj primerljive z izmerjenimi referenčnimi temperaturami v rektumu.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: merjenje temperature, kontaktni termometer, termovizija, termovizijska kamera, notranje uho, uhelj, oko, rektum, perianalna regija, prašiči, točnost merjenja temperature, poraščenost, čakališče, pripustišče, prasilišče.
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FE - Faculty of Electrical Engineering
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102970
• Publication date in RUL: 12.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Measurement of temperature of pigs with thermal imaging camera and determination of the most suitable measurement site

Abstract

Since measuring temperature with a contact thermometer is time-consuming, we aimed to find out whether a pig's temperature could be measured equally well or even better with a thermal imaging camera rather than with a rectal thermometer. The measurements were carried out on five different areas: the eye, the inner ear, the outer ear, the perianal area and the rectum. The aim was to find out which area is the most suitable for measuring the body temperature with a thermal imaging camera, so that the measured temperature will be the closest to the temperature measured in the rectum. Namely, we always used the rectal temperature measured with a calibrated contact thermometer as the reference. We used the thermal imaging camera Flir T650sc and the thermal imaging camera Fluke TiS45 for measuring the temperature on five areas in the farrowing sow. The Flir T650sc is a high-quality product belonging to a higher price bracket, whereas the Fluke TiS45 is a lower quality camera, and belongs to a lower price bracket. The goal of taking temperature with two thermal imaging cameras was to determine whether it is possible to measure the pig's temperature with an inexpensive thermal imaging camera just as accurately as with a more expensive one. In the pigpen and gestation crate we measured with only one thermal imaging camera because the pigs in the pigpen are in groups and move around freely; and in the gestation crate because of the inaccessibility of the measuring areas; it is namely impossible to measure temperature with both thermal imaging cameras at the same time and get quality results. That is why we used the thermal imaging camera Flir T650sc. The measuring results of the two thermal imaging cameras are different. When comparing the measured rectal temperature with the temperature measurements of the pig's inner ear (auditory canal), it can be seen that the thermal imaging camera Flir T650sc is more accurate than the thermal imagining camera Fluke TiS45. On the other measuring areas where the temperature does not match the reference rectal temperature, the differences were observed between the temperatures measured on the same measuring area, but measured with different thermal imaging cameras. What became apparent was that the temperature closest to the reference rectal temperature was the temperature of the inner ear (auditory canal), measured with a thermal imaging camera. However, deviations were also present. The deviations occur because of hairiness, heat transfer from other objects onto the pig and the measuring angle. We realized soon that carrying out measurements would be difficult because pigs are not obedient animals. Especially problematic was the fact that the animal did not keep still long enough to enable us to measure its temperature with a thermal imaging camera on the selected spots. We partly solved this problem by having two individuals carrying out measurements (one person measured, one assisted). There was another problem – namely the heat transfer from other objects, especially the floor of the pig-shed, to the pig. We tried to solve this problem by observing the animal in a standing position for a longer period of time, and then measuring its temperature. Another problem was the hairiness of the skin. Because not all pigs are hairy to the same extent, the temperature changed on each measuring area in relation to the hairiness of the skin. In the course of data processing and analysis, and after consulting the breeder, we concluded that measuring temperature with a thermal imaging camera is more time consuming, less accurate, and depends on other factors (the hairiness of the skin, heat transfer from other objects, the measuring angle, background temperature, the animal's movement). When considering also the costs of purchasing a thermal imaging camera, the use of it is economically unjustified. Temperature can be taken faster and more accurately with a contact thermometer in the rectum. It turned out that the thermal imaging camera Flir T650sc is better than the Fluke TiS45 because the temperatures of the inner ear (auditory canal) that were measured come closer to the referential temperatures measured in the rectum.

• Keywords: temperature measurement, contact thermometer, thermal imaging, thermal imaging camera, inner ear, outer ear, eye, rectal area, perianal area, pigs, accuracy of temperature measurement, hairiness, pigpen, gestation crate, farrowing pen