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Pridobivanje kemoterapevtske učinkovine paklitaksel z biotehnološkimi postopki
ID Marinč, Andraž (Author), ID Bohanec, Borut (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window

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Abstract
Paklitaksel je visoko oksigeniran diterpenoid in je ena najuspešnejših učinkovin za zdravljenje raka. Zaradi velike svetovne potrebe po kemoterapevtikih, redkosti paklitaksela v naravi in trajnostno nevzdržnega načina ekstrakcije iz naravnih virov (lubja in iglic dreves Taxus spp.) se za produkcijo uporabljajo biotehnološki postopki. Ker gre za tržno pomemben proizvod z visoko dodano vrednostjo, je optimizacija obstoječih postopkov velikega pomena, prav tako pa se išče alternativne vire paklitaksela in prekurzorjev; kot obetavne so se izkazale endofitske glive. Odkritje paklitaksela v navadni leski (Corylus avellana L.) nakazuje možnost izrabe odpada prehrambne industrije, kakor tudi obstoj še neznanih rastlinskih producentov paklitaksela, katerih lastnosti bi bile ugodnejše za industrijsko uporabo. Dobra proučenost, praktičnost in enostavnost uporabe mikrobnih organizmov za proizvodnjo kompleksnih molekul botruje poskusom prenosa biosintezne poti paklitaksela v E. coli in S. cerevisiae, kar pa se je sicer izkazalo za težavno. V tem delu smo napravili krajši pregled biotehnoloških postopkov proizvodnje paklitaksela, vključno z načini izboljšave donosa celičnih kultur, proizvodnjo prekurzorjev v ustaljenih industrijskih mikororganizmih in z endofitskimi glivami.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:paklitaksel, rastlinske celične kulture, tisa, biotehnološki postopki, proizvodnja
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:[A. Marinč]
Year:2018
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-102934 This link opens in a new window
UDC:615.28:582.471.1:602.3:58.086.83(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:9058681 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:12.09.2018
Views:1971
Downloads:287
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Production of the chemotherapeutic substance paclitaxel using biotechnological methods
Abstract:
Paclitaxel, a highly oxygenated diterpenoid, is one of the most successful therapeutics used in the treatment of various cancers. Due to the high global demand for the substance, its relative scarcity in nature and most of all, because the extraction from natural materials is either unsustainable or impractical a variety of biotechnological methods are employed for its industrial production. The substantial market for the substance allows for the production of a high added-value product, rationalising the ongoing optimization of the production processes as well as the search for alternative sources of paclitaxel. One of the most promising alternative sources are endophytic fungi, albeit their industrial use is yet to be realized. The discovery of paclitaxel in the common hazel (Corylus avellana L.) indicates the possible existence of yet unknown taxoid producing plant species, the intrinsic properties of which might make them more suitable for industrial use. A tentative option of utilizing the waste products of the food industry for paclitaxel extraction also emerges. Our understanding of commonly used microorganisms, their practicality and simplicity result in attempts to transfer the biosynthetic pathway for paclitaxel production away from the sometimes challenging plant hosts, although the progress is slow and troublesome. In this work we give a condensed review of the common paclitaxel production methods, the ways of improving said methods and the production of paclitaxel precursors in common industrial microorganisms and the endophytic fungi.

Keywords:paclitaxel, plant cell culture, yew, biotechnological methods, production

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