Učinkovitost preventivnega vadbenega programa PEP za zmanjševanje poškodb kolena pri športnicah - pregled literature : (diplomsko delo)

Mikulin, Keli (author), Divjak, Mojca (mentor), Palma, Polona (co-mentor)

Uvod: Akutne poškodbe spodnjega uda, zlasti poškodbe gležnja in kolena, predstavljajo pogost in resen problem pri ekipnih športih. Športnice imajo v primerjavi s športniki 3–5-krat višje tveganje za resno poškodbo kolena pri športih, kot so nogomet, košarka in odbojka. Število nekontaktnih poškodb sprednje križne vezi pri dekletih je v primerjavi z moškimi kar 2–8-krat večje. Za zmanjšanje ekonomskih in psiholoških dejavnikov po poškodbi spodnjega uda obstaja veliko preventivnih vadbenih programov. Eden izmed teh je program za preprečevanje poškodb in izboljšanje izvedbe (angl. Prevent injury and enhance performance – PEP). Živčno-mišični preventivni vadbeni program je ključen pri zmanjšanju tveganja za poškodbe gležnja ali kolena. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je na osnovi pregleda objavljene strokovne in znanstvene literature analizirati učinkovitost preventivnega vadbenega programa PEP za zmanjševanje poškodb kolena pri nogometašicah in košarkaricah. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila opisna metoda dela s pregledom ter analizo strokovne in znanstvene literature. Literatura je bila iskana v angleškem jeziku v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMED, Pedro, Cochrane Library in Dikul. Samostojno ali v kombinaciji so bile uporabljene naslednje ključne besede: PEP program, prevent injury and enhance performance program, knee injury, ACL injury, neuro-muscular prevention program, female, sport injury. Rezultati: V diplomsko delo je bilo vključenih osem raziskav, katerih rezultati so porazdeljeni v posamezne kategorije glede na izvedene meritve. Preučevali smo vpliv programa PEP na zmanjšanje števila poškodb kolena, na različne parametre pri doskoku, na mišično ravnovesje med zadnjimi stegenskimi mišicami in mišico kvadriceps in na višino vertikalnega skoka. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovljeno je bilo, da lahko program PEP zmanjša incidenco poškodb kolena oz. sprednje križne vezi. Poleg tega lahko izboljša kinematiko spodnjega uda pri globinskem skoku ter izboljša mišično ravnovesje zadnjih stegenskih mišic in mišice kvadriceps. Nima pa vpliva na višino vertikalnega skoka ali izboljšanje izvedbe športnih aktivnosti.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: program PEP, poškodba kolena, poškodba sprednje križne vezi, živčno-mišični preventivni program, športnice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102743
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5476459
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Efficiency of a PEP preventive exercise program for reducing knee injuries among female athlete - literature review : (diploma work)

Abstract

Introduction: Acute damage to the lower limb, especially ankle and knee injury, is a common and serious problem for team sports. Female athletes have a 3 to 5-fold higher risk of serious knee injury in sports such as football, basketball and volleyball compared to man athletes. The number of non-contact anterior cruciatum ligament injury in women is 2 to 8 times higher than in males. To reduce economic and psychological factors after damage to the lower limb, there are many preventive exercise programs. One of these is the prevention of injury and enhancement of performance (PEP). Furthermore the neuromuscular preventive exercise program is essential in reducing the risk of ankle or knee injury. Purpose: To analyse effects of PEP program on the prevention of knee injuries in female football and basketball players based on the review of scientific literature. Methods: The used articles were collected from PubMED, Pedro, Cochrane Library and Dikul. Articles were published between 2000 and 2018 and written in English. The following key words were used alone or in combination: PEP program, prevent injury and enhancement performance program, knee injury, ACL injury, neuro-muscular prevention program, female, sport injury. Results: Eight studies were included in the thesis of which the results are distributed by individual categories according to the performed measurements. We studied the impact of the PEP program on reducing the number of knee injuries, the different parameters of landing from a jump, the muscle balance between the posterior thigh muscle and the quadriceps and also the height of the vertical jump. Discussion and Conclusion: It has been found that the PEP program can reduce the incidence of knee injury especially the anterior cruciatum ligament. In addition, it can improve the lower limb kinematics in depth jumps and improve the muscle balance of the posterior thigh muscles and quadriceps. However it does not affect the height of the vertical jump or the improvement in the performance of the activities of athletes.

• Keywords: PEP program, knee injury, ACL injury, neuro-muscular prevention program, female athletes