Vnos prehranske vlaknine pri oskrbovancih v domu starejših občanov

Kogovšek, Melita (author), Pajk Žontar, Tanja (mentor)

Namen diplomskega dela je bil oceniti vsebnost prehranske vlaknine v obrokih oskrbovancev Doma starejših Hrastnik. Pri starejših se namreč pogosteje pojavlja problem zaprtosti, primeren vnos prehranske vlaknine pa lahko ugodno vpliva na čas prehoda hrane skozi prebavila. S spletnim orodjem Odprta platforma za klinično prehrano (OPKP) smo ovrednotili celodnevne jedilnike dveh tednov (7 dni – poletje in 7 dni – zima). V okviru raziskave smo ocenili tudi dnevni energijski vnos ter vsebnost skupnih ogljikovih hidratov. Rezultate smo primerjali glede na letni čas in vrsto obroka ter s priporočili, navedenimi v Referenčnih vrednostih za energijski vnos ter vnos hranil za starostno skupino nad 65 let. Po priporočilih naj bi znašal zadosten vnos prehranske vlaknine vsaj 30 g/dan. Ugotovili smo, da so bili poletni in zimski jedilniki glede vsebnosti prehranske vlaknine primerno oblikovani v primeru, ko so imeli oskrbovanci na voljo običajno večerjo; povprečna ocenjena vsebnost prehranske vlaknine je v celodnevnih obrokih v zimskem času znašala 29,4 g/dan, v poletnem času pa 31,4 g/dan. Poletni in zimski jedilniki z mlečno večerjo niso vsebovali dovolj prehranske vlaknine. Z obroki, zaužitimi v poletnem času, bi povprečni vnos prehranske vlaknine znašal 27,1 g/dan, v zimskem času pa 24,9 g/dan. Oskrbovanci dnevno zaužijejo največ prehranske vlaknine s kosilom, najmanj pa z zajtrkom. Povprečni dnevni energijski vnosi so bili skladni s priporočili za starostno skupino nad 65 let (PAL 1,4) in znašajo za ženske 7113 kJ/dan, za moške pa 8786 kJ/dan.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: prehrana, prehranska vlaknina, starostniki, fiziologija prehranske vlaknine, viri prehranske vlaknine, vnos prehranske vlaknine, dom starejših občanov
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [M. Kogovšek]
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102647
• UDC: 613.263-053.9:641.1
• COBISS.SI-ID: 4939128
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Dietary fiber intake in the institutionalized elderly

Abstract

The aim of the thesis was to assess the dietary fibre intake in meals at a retirement home in Hrastnik. The most common problem in the elderly is constipation. An adequate intake of dietary fibre can have a beneficial effect on the transit time in the gastrointestinal tract. With data from OPEN database, we evaluated all-day menus of two weeks (7 days – summer and 7 days – winter). We also assessed daily energy intake and the content of total carbohydrates. The results were compared according to the season and the type of meal, and to the latest dietary guidelines for the age group over 65 years. According to the recommendation, a sufficient daily intake of dietary fibre should be at least 30 g per day. It was established that winter and summer menus contained sufficient dietary fibre when the retirement home residents had an ordinary dinner. Average daily intake of dietary fibre was 29.4 g/day in winter menu and 31.4 g/day in summer menu. The winter and summer menus with a milk dinner did not contain sufficient dietary fibre. Average daily dietary fibre content was 27.1 g/day in summer menu and 24.9 g/day in winter menu. The retirement home residents consumed the most dietary fibre with lunch and the least with breakfast. Average daily energy intakes were complied with recommendations for age group over 65 years (PAL 1.4) and amounted 7113 kJ/day for women and 8786 kJ/day for men.

• Keywords: nutrition, dietary fibre, elderly, physiology of dietary fibre, sources of dietary fibre, dietary fibre intake, rest homes