Pojavnost klavstrofobije pri pacientih v radioterapiji pri katerih se uporablja fiksacijska maska : diplomsko delo

Galunič, Nena (author), Petrovič, Barbara (author), Žager Marciuš, Valerija (mentor), Škufca Smrdel, Andreja Cirila (co-mentor)

Uvod: Radioterapija je eden izmed učinkovitejših načinov zdravljenja raka na otorinolaringološkem področju in področju dojk s supraklavikularno ložo, kjer se v namen fiksacije na pripravi na obsevanje izdela fiksacijska maska. Ta lahko pri pacientu povzroči občutek tesnobe oziroma klavstrofobijo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ovrednotiti delež radioloških inženirjev, ki so se pri svojem delu v radioterapiji srečali s pojavom klavstrofobije pri uporabi fiksacijske maske in raziskati, kakšni so ukrepi za zmanjševanje le-te. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo zbiranja podatkov. Za raziskavo smo uporabili merski instrument anketni vprašalnik. Presečna raziskava se je izvajala v januarju 2018 na teleradioterapevtskem oddelku med radiološkimi inženirji, ki se pri svojem delu s pacienti srečujejo bodisi z izdelavo fiksacijske maske na pripravi na obsevanje ali uporabo le te na obsevanju na obsevalnem aparatu. Statistično analizo smo izvedli s pomočjo računalniškega programa Microsoft Office Excel 2010 in IBM SPSS 24. Rezultati: S klavstrofobijo se je pri uporabi fiksacijske maske srečalo že 98,4 % radioloških inženirjev. Obstaja povezanost med delovno dobo in pogostostjo srečanja, saj med spremenljivkama obstaja statistično značilna povezanost (p < 0,0001), ki je pozitivna in srednje močna. Radiološki inženirji so bili na težave predhodno opozorjeni v 87 %. Najpogostejši znaki klavstrofobije so bili zaskrbljenost, nemir, potenje, dušenje in razbijanje srca. Najbolj učinkoviti ukrepi za ublažitev so bili: dober odnos do pacientov, odprtina za oči v maski in glasba. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da se je s klavstrofobijo srečal že skoraj vsak radiološki inženir. Večina je bila predhodno opozorjena, manjši delež ni bil, ne glede na to so vsi imeli enak cilj – olajšanje zdravljenja pacientom ter preprečevanje napredovanja klavstrofobije. V ta namen se uporabljajo za omejitev klavstrofobije različne tehnike s funkcijo pomiritve in sprostitve. Pomen diplomskega dela se kaže v praktični uporabnosti, saj so natančno obrazloženi problem, znaki in ukrepi pri pojavu klavstrofobije, z namenom lažjega razumevanja ter ublažitve tega, v klinični praksi zelo pogostega pojava, ter ozaveščanja radioloških inženirjev na svojo vlogo. Za širšo sliko problema klavstrofobije bi bilo zanimivo ter koristno raziskati ta pojav še s strani pacientov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: rak, radioterapija, fiksacijska maska, anksioznost, klavstrofobija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102534
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5473643
• Publication date in RUL: 01.09.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Appearance of claustrophobia in patients undergoing radiotherapy for which it is used immobilization mask : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Radiotherapy is one of more efficient modalities of treating cancer on the otorhinolaryngologic area and area of the breasts with supraclavicular region, where immobilization mask is made on the preparation for irradiation in purpose of fixation. This can cause feeling of anxiety respectively claustrophobia. Purpose: Purpose of the diploma work was to evaluate the portion of the radiologic technologists that met with occurrence of claustrophobia while using immobilization mask during their work and investigate measures for reducing it. Methods: We used descriptive research method. We used questionnaire as a metric instrument for research. Cross-sectional study has been made in January 2018 in department of teleradiotherapy among radiologic technologists, who met with patients with immobilization masks during their work, either on preparation for irradiation or either on irradiation on linear accelerator. Statistical analysis was made with computer programs Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS 24. Results: 98,4 % radiologic technologists had met with claustrophobia while using immobilization mask. There is a connection between length of service and frequency of meeting, since there exists a statistical significance (p < 0,0001), which is positive and medium strong. Radiologic technologists were previously warned about problems in 87 %. The most common signs of claustrophobia were concern, restlessness, sweating, suffocating and palpitation. The most effective measures for mitigation were: good attitude towards patients, opening for eyes in the mask and music. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that almost every radiologic technologist already with claustrophobia. The majority was previously warned, smaller portion was not, however, everyone had the same goal – making treatment easier for the patients and preventing claustrophobia progression. In this purpose various techniques with calm and relaxation function are used. The significance of diploma work is reflected in practical usability, since the problem, signs and measures of claustrophobia appearance are explained precisely, in order to facilitate understanding and mitigation of this, in the clinical practice frequent occurrence, and as well as raising awareness of radiologic technologists on their role. It would be interesting and useful to investigate the occurrence of claustrophobia from sides of patients, for a wider picture of this problem.

• Keywords: cancer, radiotherapy, immobilization mask, anxiety, claustrophobia