Introduction: Hospitalized children endure unnecessary pain during procedures which are necessary in order to diagnose and treat their illnesses. Stress and anxiety that children undergo during such procedures may affect their physical and psychological behavior. Purpose: Our aim was to present some practical instructions on how to communicate with children in the hospital environment. The purpose of the thesis is also to present communication as an atraumatic care method. We also wanted to present different pain assessing scales for easier use in pediatric wards. Methods: Descriptive method of writing was used in the thesis. A critical review of selected foreign and Slovenian literature was made. The literature search was carried out using PubMed, CINAHL, COCHRANE, ERIC, Google Scholar and other professional databases. Literature was also searched for using the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana (DiKul) and several Slovenian libraries using COBIB.SI. Professional, original scientific articles and review papers were used. These documents are accessible throughout the entire thesis and published in reviewed scientific journals. Only the literature published between 2007 and 2017 was considered. Results: Painful procedures can have a strong influence on the course of children’s treatments. We also present 6 different pain assessing scales for use in the pediatric wards. Instructions regarding the preparation of the child, the choice of words, the release of the child, positive self-management, the stopping of thoughts and the behavioral contractual relationship are also presented in this chapter.The ability to listen, understand their needs, the ability to become involved in the process of healing, allow them to express their feelings, or offer psychological support in building a friendly relationship between a pediatric patient and a nurse have been shown to reduce stress and anxiety during painful procedures. It also helps them to be calm when receiving treatment and actively participate in the nursing process. Discussion and conclusion: Children as well as adults are individuals with individual needs and characteristics that influence the course of their treatment and their behavior during invasive procedures. Due to the generalization of their needs and responses to invasive interventions children often mistake the help of health workers for an attack on their playful world. That dictates a greater need for patience and understanding from health professionals.
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