Šivanje kot oblika tehnične dejavnosti v predšolskem obdobju

Agić, Sabina (author), Avsec, Stanislav (mentor)

V današnjem svetu ima tekstil izredno velik pomen. Srečujemo ga povsod okoli nas v obliki izdelkov, kot so oblačila, modni dodatki, pripomočki, ki pa so včasih premalo cenjeni. Zato je poznavanje tekstila in tehnike obdelave zelo pomembno v predšolskem obdobju. Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil predstaviti obliko tehnične dejavnosti šivanja in uporabo tehničnega pripomočka (šivalni stroj) kot primer dobre prakse, ki bi spodbudil strokovne delavce za uporabo le-tega v svoji praksi. V teoretičnem delu smo predstavili materiale in njihove tehnološke postopke, iz katerih pridobivajo tekstilna vlakna, tkanine in njihove značilnosti. Opisali smo tudi razvojne značilnosti otroka, pri katerih ima v praksi pomembno vlogo otrokova igra, prek katere se otrok izraža. Tekstil je prav tak pripomoček, ki vodi do otrokove raznolike igre, prek katere otrok predstavlja svoje zamisli, ideje … Predstavili smo tudi cilje v Kurikulumu za vrtce v povezavi s primeri tehnične dejavnosti šivanja in manipuliranja s tekstilom. Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo raziskovali pogostost uporabe tehnične dejavnosti šivanja v vrtcu pri predšolskih otrocih. V anketi je sodelovalo 38 vzgojiteljev iz Vrtca Škofljica. Ugotovili smo, da vzgojitelji v večini izvajajo tehnično dejavnost šivanja, vendar pri tej dejavnosti naletijo na različne težave pri izvajanju. Vzgojitelji uporabljajo tehniko šivanja s šivalnim strojem, vendar le-te ne ponujajo otrokom kot tehnično dejavnost. Vzgojitelji šivajo izdelke iz tekstila za otroke, ki jim jih ponudijo ali podarijo ob različnih priložnostih. V vrtcu smo z otroki izvedli tudi projekt, v katerem smo spoznavali tehnično dejavnost šivanja s šivanko in s šivalnim strojem. Predstaviti smo želeli dejavnost šivanja kot pozitivno izkušnjo in dejavnost šivanja s strojem kot novo izkušnjo, ki otroku nudi veselje, zadovoljstvo in motiviranost pri izvajanju dejavnosti. Za otroke je bila to prva izkušnja šivanja na šivalnem stroju. Otroci in starši so aktivno sodelovali pri posredovanju različnega tekstilnega materiala za izvedbo naših dejavnosti. Tekstilni material je otroke spodbudil k uvedbi novega kotička, ki smo ga poimenovali trgovina z blagom.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: tehnična dejavnost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102305
• COBISS.SI-ID: 12079177
• Publication date in RUL: 31.08.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Sewing as a form of technical activity in the preschool period

Abstract

In today’s world, textiles are really important. They are present all around us in form of clothing and accessories, but all of them are undervalued. For this reason, the knowledge about textiles and their processing techniques are important in the preschool period. The purpose of this thesis was to present a form of technical activity, i.e. sewing, and the use of a technical tool (sewing machine) as an example of good practice that would encourage the education staff to use it in class. The theoretical part thus discusses the materials and the technological processes used for fabricating textile fibres and fabrics along with their characteristics. We also explained the developmental characteristics of children and the role of a child’s play, which has an important role in practice as it allows the children to express themselves. Furthermore, textiles are a perfect example of an accessory that leads the child to different forms of play, helping him or her to put forward ideas etc. We touched on the Kindergarten Curriculum in connection with examples of a technical activity, i.e. sewing, and textile manipulation. The survey questionnaire allowed us to determine how often the children learn to sew as part of a technical activity performed in kindergarten. 38 preschool teachers from the Škofljica Kindergarten participated in the survey. We found that preschool teachers often give sewing lessons but encounter many problems in the process. They use a sewing machine and create textile items they offer or give the children on various occasion, but children are discouraged from participating. We also carried out a project in the kindergarten through which the children got to know sewing as a technical activity using a sewing needle and a sewing machine. The goal was to present sewing as a positive experience and the activity of sewing with a sewing machine as a new experience that brings a lot of happiness, joy and motivation to the child in the process. In addition, this was their first opportunity to try sewing on a sewing machine. Parents and children actively participated in providing different textile materials for the performance of our activities. Finally, textile materials encouraged the children to create a new corner we entitled a ‘Textile shop’.

• Keywords: technical activity