Poslovodja v d. o. o.

Smolič, Miha (author), Podobnik, Klemen (mentor)

Družba z omejeno odgovornostjo je družba, katero lahko ustanovi ena ali več fizičnih ali pravnih oseb in katere osnovni kapital sestavljajo osnovni vložki družbenikov. Družba se ustanovi z družbeno pogodbo, družbeniki pa za obveznosti družbe z omejeno odgovornostjo ne odgovarjajo. Manjše število družbenikov in njihova močnejša medsebojna povezanost, dopušča družbenikom pri urejanju razmerij več svobode, zato glede te družbe v zakonu najdemo veliko določil, ki so dispozitivne narave in zakon tako v veliki večini primerov napotuje na možnost drugačnega urejanja z družbeno pogodbo. Pravice in dolžnosti, ki jih imajo družbeniki pri upravljanju družbe ter tudi sam način njihovega uresničevanja, se določijo z družbeno pogodbo, če zakon ne določa drugače. Obvezna organa v družbi sta skupščina družbenikov in eden ali več poslovodij, lahko pa ima družba tudi nadzorni svet, kar pa je redko. Poslovodja ima v družbi statusno-pravni položaj, ki ga pridobi z imenovanjem (postavitvijo) in pogodbeno-pravni položaj, ki ga pridobi na podlagi sklenitve pogodbe o zaposlitvi (delovno-pravno razmerje) ali na podlagi pogodbe o poslovodenju (obligacijsko-pravno razmerje). V družbi poslovodja na lastno odgovornost vodi posle družbe in jo zastopa, pri tem pa je vezan na morebitna navodila družbenikov. Zakon pristojnosti poslovodje določa le splošno, z družbeno pogodbo pa se lahko določi, da ima poslovodja tudi druge pristojnosti in, da pri svojem delu ni vezan na navodila družbenikov. Lahko pa se družbeniki odločijo, da želijo imeti v družbi popoln nadzor in pristojnosti poslovodje omejijo na zakonski minimum in poslovodja tako samo izvršuje voljo družbenikov. V kolikor družbeniki z delom poslovodje niso zadovoljni, ga lahko z njegove funkcije pred iztekom mandata tudi odpokličejo. Poslovodja lahko za vsa svoja dejanja pri opravljanju funkcije, katera niso bila opravljena z predvideno skrbnostjo in so družbi povzročila morebitno škodo, tudi odgovarja, najpogosteje gre za odškodninsko odgovornost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: družba z omejeno odgovornostjo, družbena pogodba, upravljanje družbe, družbeniki, poslovodja, mandat, pristojnosti, odgovornost za ravnanje, odpoklic
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-102223
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16263761
• Publication date in RUL: 24.07.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Manager in limited liability company

Abstract

A limited liability company is a company which can be founded by one or more natural or juristic persons and whose initial capital consists of basic inputs of partners. A company is established with a social contract while the partners are not responsible for the obligations that a limited liability company has. A smaller number of partners and stronger mutual connection allow partners to have more freedom in the regulation of relationships. For this reason, we can find a greater number of provisions that have a dispositive nature in the law and, in most cases, the law therefore refers to the option of a different regulation by a social contract. The rights and duties that the partners have in managing a company, as well as the manner of their implementation, are defined by a social contract, unless the law requires otherwise. The mandatory bodies in a company are the assembly of partners and one or more company managers but a company may also have a supervisory board, although this rarely occurs. The company manager has a status-legal position in the company, gained by an appointment (assigning to a position) and a contractual-legal position, gained on the basis of signing an employment contract (employment relationship) or on the basis of a management contract (obligation-legal relationship). The company manager independently represents the company and conducts its businesses, while being bound by the partners’ potential instructions. The law defines the competences of the company manager only in general, however, it can be determined by a social contract that the manager has other competences as well and that the manager can carry out work without being bound by the instructions of the partners. The partners may decide to have a complete control over the company and they may limit the competences of the manager to the legal minimum, in which case the manager only carries out the will of the partners. If the partners are not satisfied with the manager’s work, they may recall the manager before the end of the mandate. In fulfilling their function, the manager may be liable for the actions which have not been done with proper care and have caused a potential damage to the company, in most cases the damage liability is involved.

• Keywords: limited liability company, social contract, managing the company, partners, manager, mandate, competences, responsibility for actions, recall