Pravne implikacije izstopa Združenega kraljestva iz Evropske unije

Kavčič, Taja (author), Accetto, Matej (mentor)

V magistrskem diplomskem delu obravnavam pravne implikacije izstopa Združenega kraljestva iz Evropske unije (t.i. brexit). Pravica države članice do izstopa iz EU je zapisana v členu 50 Pogodbe o Evropski uniji, ki določa postopek, po katerem lahko država članica izstopi iz EU. Eno pomembnejših vprašanj v zvezi s postopkom je, ali je notifikacija o izstopu iz člena 50(2) PEU enostransko preklicljiva. Mnenja glede tega so namreč deljena. V postopku po členu 50 PEU ne gre zanemariti vloge posameznih evropskih institucij. Posebej se posvetim tudi vlogi Sodišča Evropske unije. V drugem delu se osredotočim na dve ključni vprašanji v pogajanjih, to sta usoda državljanov EU in ZK po brexitu ter irsko vprašanje. Tako v EU-27 kot v ZK živi nemalo državljanov ene in druge strani, katerih status in pravice naj bi bile po brexitu vzajemno zaščitene. Kljub temu pa državljanom ZK grozi izguba državljanstva EU in z njim povezanih pravic. Zato v tem delu analiziram njihove možnosti za ohranitev državljanstva EU. Eno bolj perečih vprašanj v procesu izstopa predstavlja meja na irskem otoku, ki si ga delita dve državi, Republika Irska in Združeno kraljestvo. Trenutno je ta meja nevidna, z izstopom ZK pa bi se zopet vzpostavile kontrole na meji, česar si nobena od strank ne želi. V tretjem delu magistrskega diplomskega dela raziščem obstoječe alternative članstvu EU in katera bi bila najbolj primerna za ZK. Glede na specifične zahteve in cilje ZK nobena od njih ni ustrezna kot oblika prihodnjega razmerja med ZK in EU, zato bo potrebno oblikovati posebno razmerje. V zadnjem delu pa orišem posledice brexita za delovanje EU.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: brexit, člen 50 PEU, notifikacija o izstopu, pogajanja o izstopu, Sodišče Evropske unije, državljanstvo EU, irska meja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101828
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16254545
• Publication date in RUL: 08.07.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Legal implications of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union

Abstract

In this master’s thesis I discuss the legal implications of United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union (i.e. Brexit). The right of a Member State to withdraw from the EU is enshrined in Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union, which also regulates the procedure under which it may do so. One significant question relating to this procedure is whether the notification of withdrawal given under Article 50(2) is unilaterally revocable. Opinions on this issue differ. In the procedure under Article 50 TEU, the role of individual European institutions should not be neglected. I also pay particular attention to the role of the Court of Justice of the European Union. In the second part, I focus on two key issues in the negotiations, the fate of EU-27 and British citizens after Brexit and the Irish question. There are many citizens from both sides, in the EU-27 and in the UK, whose status and rights are supposed to be mutually protected after Brexit. Nevertheless, citizens of the UK are threatened with the loss of EU citizenship and related rights. Therefore, in this section, I analyse their chances of keeping EU citizenship after Brexit. One of the most burning issues in the withdrawal process is the border on the Irish Island shared by two countries, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. Currently, this border is invisible, but upon the UK’s withdrawal the border controls would be re-established, which neither of the parties desires. In the third part of the thesis, I explore existing alternatives to EU membership and which would be most suitable for the UK. Given the UK’s specific requirements and red lines, none of them is appropriate as a form of the future relationship between UK and EU. Therefore, a new special relationship will have to be formed. In the last part I outline the consequences of Brexit for the future operation of the EU.

• Keywords: Brexit, Article 50 TEU, notification of withdrawal, exit negotiations, Court of Justice of the European Union, EU citizenship, Irish border