PRAVNA UREDITEV LOKALNE SAMOUPRAVE V SLOVENIJI S POUDARKOM NA ANALIZI VOLITEV V OBČINI DOMŽALE V LETIH 2006, 2010 IN 2014

BURJA, MARUŠA (author), Kocjančič, Rudi (mentor)

Lokalna samouprava in njen nastanek segata daleč nazaj v zgodovino. Prve oblike lahko najdemo v 12. stoletju, ko so kralji in plemiči mestom podeljevali pravni položaj oziroma status svobodnih mest. V 19. stoletju je bila prvič v Evropi in tudi v Združenih državah Amerike tudi pravno urejena. Ustava Republike Slovenije je leta 1991 določila ustavne temelje lokalne samouprave. Določneje in izčrpneje urejajo lokalno samoupravo ustrezni zakoni, še zlasti Zakon o lokalni samoupravi (ZLS). ZLS ima temeljni pomen v sistemu lokalne samouprave. Občinam je dodelil naloge, ki so bistvene za življenje in delo njihovih prebivalcev in se lahko v občini lažje in učinkoviteje rešujejo, kot bi se pod državno oblastjo. Pravica posameznika oziroma lokalne skupnosti do samoupravljanja je opredeljena tudi v Evropski listini lokalne samouprave. Evropska listina lokalne samouprave, predvsem njena načela, so tudi sestavni del pravnega reda Republike Slovenije. To je mednarodna konvencija, ki podpisnicam nalaga dolžnost spoštovati določene pogoje, načela in pravila. Slovenija je listino podpisala in v celoti ratificirala leta 1997. Prebivalci na določenih območjih imajo pravico do odločanja in samoupravljanja. Vsaka štiri leta volijo predstavnike občine, ki jim pomagajo pri sprejemanju odločitev oziroma pri odločanju v njihovem imenu. Volitve so edina vez med predstavniškimi telesi in volivci, s katerimi lahko volivci vplivajo na politiko v lokalni skupnosti oziroma na njihove odločitve. Volitve občinskih organov ureja Zakon o lokalnih volitvah. Lokalno samoupravo ureja tudi Zakon o financiranju občin. Financiranje občin temelji na načelih lokalne samouprave, predvsem načelu sorazmernosti virov financiranja z nalogami občin in načelu samostojnosti občin pri financiranju občinskih nalog. Lokalna samouprava pomeni samostojno urejanje in reševanje življenjskih potreb prebivalstva v ožjih krajevnih skupnostih. Lokalna skupnost je nosilec lokalne samouprave in je družbena skupnost več skupaj povezanih naselij.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: lokalna samouprava, lokalna skupnost, občina, pravna ureditev, zakon, volitve, občinski svet, župan, ustava, občinski organi
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FU - Faculty of Administration
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101585
• Publication date in RUL: 18.06.2018

BURJA, MARUŠA, 2018, PRAVNA UREDITEV LOKALNE SAMOUPRAVE V SLOVENIJI S POUDARKOM NA ANALIZI VOLITEV V OBČINI DOMŽALE V LETIH 2006, 2010 IN 2014 [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. [Accessed 19 May 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=101585

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: LEGAL REGULATION OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN SLOVENIA WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE ELECTIONS IN THE MUNICIPALITY DOMŽALE

Abstract

Local government and its emergence date way back to history. The first forms of it can be discovered in the 12th century when kings and aristocrats granted legal status to the towns, i.e. the status of free towns. In the 19th century, it was first also legally regulated in Europe and also in the United States of America. The Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia determined constitutional foundations of the local government in 1991. The appropriate provisions regulate the local government more specifically and more thoroughly, especially the Local Self-Government Act. The Local Self-Government Act has the fundamental significance in the system of the local government. The municipalities were assigned the tasks which are essential for the life and work of their inhabitants. It is easier and more efficient to perform these tasks within the municipality as it would be under the national government. The right of an individual or a local community to the self-management is defined also in the European Charter of Local Self-Government. The European Charter of Local Self-Government, its principles mostly, are also an integral part of the legal order of the Republic of Slovenia. This is an international convention which construes the signatories to respect certain conditions, principles, and rules. Slovenia signed the charter and ratified it fully in 1997. Inhabitants in certain areas have the right to decision-making and self-management. Every four years the elect the representatives of the municipality who help them in decision-making and in decision-making on their behalf. Elections are the only bond between the representative bodies and the voters by which the voters can influence the politics in the local community, i.e. the decisions of the politicians. The elections of the municipal bodies are regulated by the Local Self-Government Act. The local government is also regulated by the Financing of Municipalities Act. The financing of the municipalities is based on the principles of the local government, mostly on the principle of proportionality of the sources of financing with the tasks of municipalities and the principle of the autonomy of the municipalities in financing the municipality tasks.The local government means the autonomous processing and solving the life necessities of the inhabitants in narrower civil parishes. The local community is the institution of the local government. It is the social community of several connected settlements.

• Keywords: local government, local community, municipality, legal regulation, law, elections, municipal council, mayor, constitution, municipal body