Odgovornost za ravnanje drugega v prekrškovnem in kazenskem pravu

Firšt, Alen (author), Filipčič, Katja (mentor)

V uvodu obravnavam primere, namen in značilnosti odgovornosti za ravnanje drugega v civilnem, prekrškovnem in kazenskem pravu. V nadaljevanju presojam posamezne potencialne primere odgovornosti za ravnanje drugega; tako iz prekrškovnega, kot iz kazenskega prava, tako zgodovinske, kot aktualne. Nekateri izmed teh dejansko pomenijo odgovornost za ravnanje drugega, glede drugih pa se uporabniku prava zgolj na prvi pogled zazdi, da so primer tovrstne odgovornosti, čeprav v resnici niso. Poudarek naloge je na odgovornosti lastnika vozila, saj se določba zakona, ki predpisuje to odgovornost, vsakodnevno aplicira na konkretne življenjske primere. Omenjam tudi primer odgovornosti voznika avtobusa za otroke, ki sicer ni jasno normiran, a je bila ta odgovornost (vsaj) v enem primeru vzpostavljena. Po tem je narejen prehod na kazensko področje, kjer je obdelana kaskadna odgovornost, ki v določeni (klasični) obliki pomeni odgovornost za ravnanje drugega, a ne po veljavni ureditvi. Temu sledi odgovornost pravne osebe za ravnanje drugega, kar je edini smiselni koncept, kadar je tovrstna odgovornost vpeljana v pravni red. Proti koncu so obdelani še primeri odgovornosti vodje hudodelske združbe, odgovornost vojaških poveljnikov in nadrejenih ter odgovornost posrednega storilca, ki vzbujajo (zgolj) sum, da gre za odgovornost za ravnanje drugega. Pred zaključkom naloge bom predstavil še stališče Ustavnega sodišča Republike Slovenije o zagotavljanju jamstev v kazenskem in prekrškovnem postopku ter stališče do izjem od temeljnih načel kazenskega prava, kakršna je odgovornost za ravnanje drugega. V zaključku bom predstavil svoj pogled na ustavnost in primernost tega instituta ter predlog bodoče ureditve.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: odgovornost za ravnanje drugega, odgovornost lastnika vozila, odgovornost voznika avtobusa, kaskadna odgovornost, odgovornost pravne osebe
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: PF - Faculty of Law
• Year: 2018
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-101503
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16248401
• Publication date in RUL: 13.06.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Responsibility for the Act of Another in Law of Violations and Criminal Law

Abstract

In the introduction I deal with examples, the purpose and characteristics of responsibility for the act of another in civil law, law of violations and criminal law. In the following, I examine individual potential cases of responsibility for the act of another; both law of violations and criminal law, both historical and actual. Some of these actually constitute the responsibility for the act of another, and in others, it only at the first glance seems to the user of law that they are an example of this kind of responsibility, although they are not. The emphasis of this dissertation is on the responsibility of the vehicle owner, since the provision of the law that prescribes this responsibility is applied on a daily basis to specific life situations. I also mention the example of the bus driver’s responsibility for children, which is not clearly defined, although it was established (at least) in one case. After that, a transition is made to the criminal field, where cascade responsibility is treated, which in a certain (classical) form implies responsibility for the act of another, but not according to the positive (applicable) law. This is followed by entity’s responsibility for the act of another, which is the only meaningful concept, when such responsibility is applicable. At the end, examples of the responsibility of the head of the criminal organization, the responsibilities of the military commanders and superiors, and the responsibility of the indirect perpetrator are elaborated, which raise (only) suspicion that they present the responsibility for the act of another. Before completing the dissertation, I will also present the position of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia on providing guarantees in the criminal and offence proceedings, and the position on exceptions to the fundamental principles of criminal law, such as responsibility for the act of another. In conclusion, I will present my view on the constitutionality and appropriateness of this institute and the proposal for future regulation.

• Keywords: responsibility for the act of another, responsibility of the vehicle owner, responsibility of the bus driver, cascade responsibility, responsibility of the entity