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Analiza barve in barvnih vzorcev dlake pri slovenski drežniški kozi
ID Goričan, Tim (Author), ID Horvat, Simon (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Simčič, Mojca (Co-mentor)

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Abstract
Barva dlake je evolucijsko pomembna lastnost. Pri živalih je obarvanost telesa ključna za mimikrijo, komunikacijo, spolno selekcijo ter za uravnavanje pomembnih fizioloških procesov povezanih s tvorbo pigmenta. Pri selekciji domačih živali je pogosto težnja po standardizaciji barve dlake in barvnega vzorca. Nasprotno pa je edina slovenska in kritično ogrožena pasma koz, drežniška koza, v barvi dlake zelo variabilna. Zato predstavlja edinstven genetski vir za preučevanje genetike barve dlake in barvnih vzorcev. Namen diplomskega dela je bil kvalitativno in kvantitativno določiti tipe barve dlake glede na prisotnost dveh glavnih pigmentov, eumelanina ali feomelanina, ter uvrstiti živali v skupine barvnih vzorcev na vzorcu 377 koz drežniške pasme. Glede na barvo dlake je bila najštevilčnejša skupina živali (70 %), ki je izražala temen pigment (eumelanin, večinoma črna barva), sledila je skupina (19 %), kjer sta se v večjem deležu izražala tako eumelanin kot svetel pigment (feomelanin), najmanj živali je bilo v skupini, ki je izražala večinoma samo feomelanin (11 %). Pri analizi barvnih vzorcev je bilo ugotovljenih osem glavnih skupin. Največ živali je bilo razvrščenih v skupino brez vzorca (angl. »no pattern«) z večinsko črno barvo (38,5 %), sledil je vzorec rdeča lica (angl. »red cheek«, 16,4 %), beli ali rumenorjavi vzorec (angl. »white or tan«, 11 %), švicarski vzorec (angl. »swiss markings«, 8,2 %), vzorec pava (angl. »peacock«, 5,3 %), vzorec črn trebuh (angl. »blackbelly«, 4 %), sivi vzorec (angl. »grey«, 3 %) in vzorec svetel trebuh (angl. »lightbelly«, 2,7 %). Živali, ki jih ni bilo mogoče razvrstiti v noben opisan standardni vzorec, so bile uvrščene v deveto, tako imenovano kombinirano-intermediarno skupino (11 %). Lahko sklenemo, da je raznolikost barv in barvnih vzorcev pri drežniški kozi velika, sploh v primerjavi s svetovno znanimi pasmami koz kot sta alpska in sanska. Diplomsko delo je prva tovrstna študija in lahko služi kot referenca za lastnosti barve dlake in osnovnih barvnih vzorcev pri drežniški kozi za nadaljnje raziskovalno delo mehanizmov barvne variabilnosti in strokovno delo za ohranjanje in selekcijo te pasme v njenem izvornem tipu.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:koze, pasme, drežniška koza, barva dlake, genetika
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Year:2018
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-101098 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:4069512 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:26.04.2018
Views:1749
Downloads:533
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:ANALYSIS OF COAT COLOR AND PATTERNS IN SLOVENIAN DREŽNICA GOAT
Abstract:
The coat colour is an important evolutionary trait. In animals, the colouring of the body is crucial for mimicry, communication, sexual selection, and for regulating important physiological processes associated with the production of pigments. In the artificial selection of domestic animals, the tendency is to standardize coat colour and the colour pattern. On the contrary, the only Slovenian and critically endangered goat breed, Drežnica goat, varies severely in these traits. Therefore, it represents a unique genetic resource for studying the colour of hairs and patterns. The purpose of this B.Sc. thesis is to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the types of coat colour in relation to the presence of two main pigments, eumelanin and feomelanin, and to classify animals based on the colour pattern type in an analysis of 377 goats of Drežnica breed. According to the colour of the hairs, the largest group of animals (70%) expressed the dark pigment (eumelanin, mostly black), followed by the group with both, eumelanin and light pigment (feomelanin), were present (19%), in the least frequent group (11%) animals expressed mostly feomelanin. In the analysis of colour patterns, eight main groups were identified. Most of the animals were classified as with "no pattern" with predominantly black hairs colour (38.5%), followed by a »red cheek« group (16.4%), white or tan (11%), swiss markings (8.2%), peacock (5.3%), blackbelly (4%), grey (3%) and lightbelly (2.7%). Animals which could not be classified in any of the described standard colour pattern types were ranked in the ninth, the so-called combined-intermediate group (11%). We conclude that the diversity of coat colour and patterns in Drežnica goat is very high, especially in comparison with cosmopolitan breeds of goats such as Alpine or Saanen. This B.Sc. thesis is the first of a kind study and can serve as a reference for the characteristics of the coat colour and patterns in Drežnica goat further on, as well as a basis for further research of the colour variability and selection mechanisms and preservation of this breed in its original type.

Keywords:goats, breeds, Drežnica goat, coat color, genetics

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