Kreativni mediji v procesu pomoči in podpore pri soočanju z motnjami hranjenja : diplomsko delo

Kragelj, Karmen (author), Rapuš-Pavel, Jana (mentor)

Motnje hranjenja so razširjen in kompleksen pojav, ki negativno vpliva na različna področja človekovega delovanja in pri katerih gre za preplet različnih dejavnikov tveganja. So duševne motnje, pri katerih v osnovi ne gre za težave s hrano, temveč te predstavljajo zunanji izraz globljih, nerazrešenih stisk posameznika. Obstajajo različne oblike pomoči osebam z motnjami hranjenja, znotraj teh pa pomembno vlogo lahko zavzemajo tudi kreativni mediji . Z njihovo pomočjo posameznik na posreden način prihaja v stik s svojimi mislimi, čustvi in občutki. Raziskave kažejo, da ima uporaba kreativnih medijev v okviru pomoči osebam z motnjami hranjenja pomembno vrednost in predstavlja ključno dopolnilo tradicionalnim oblikam pomoči, ki temeljijo na verbalnem izražanju. Izsledki so večinoma plod tujih avtorjev, v slovenskem prostoru pa je izpostavljeno področje še precej neraziskano. To je bil tudi glavni razlog za odločitev o raziskovanju izbrane teme. Izvedla sem kvalitativno raziskavo, v katero sem vključila štiri strokovnjake, ki delajo na področju pomoči in podpore pri osebah z motnjami hranjenja in znotraj te uporabljajo kreativne medije. V okviru izbranih praks sem želela raziskati, katera so temeljna vodila strokovnjakov pri uporabi kreativnih medijev in kaj vpliva na izbor medija, zanimali pa so me tudi učinki ter prednosti in previdnosti, ki jih strokovnjaki zaznavajo pri uporabi. S pomočjo intervjujev sem prišla do ključne ugotovitve, da so kreativni mediji pomembno dopolnilo terapiji ali svetovanju. Strokovnjaki so kot nekatere od ključnih vodil izpostavili, da je treba večji poudarek nameniti samemu kreativnemu procesu kot pa estetski vrednosti tega, kar v procesu nastane. Poudarili so tudi, da jih pri delu vodi to, da ne interpretirajo ter da uporabnike veliko spodbujajo. Ugotovljeni so bili pozitivni učinki uporabe kreativnih medijev, ki segajo na delovanje posameznika kot celote, predvsem pa preko vpogleda vase vplivajo na boljši odnos do samega sebe in svojega telesa. Glavne prednosti uporabe kreativnih medijev so, da ti predstavljajo neogrožajoč pristop, ponujajo možnost neverbalnega in posrednega izražanja, prispevajo k aktivaciji uporabnika in pripomorejo k vzpostavitvi komunikacije. Glede uporabe kreativnih medijev pri delu z izbrano ciljno skupino so strokovnjaki zaznali redke previdnosti, ki se večinoma nanašajo na odzive strokovnjakov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: motnje hranjenja, pomoč z umetnostjo, kreativni mediji, kreativni proces, umetnostna terapija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Publisher: [K. Kragelj]
• Year: 2018
• Number of pages: 96 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-100761
• UDC: 615.851:7(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 11972681
• Publication date in RUL: 17.04.2018

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Creative media in the process of help and support at coping with eating disorders

Abstract

Eating disorders are a widespread and complex phenomenon that negatively affects various areas of human activity and includes different risk factors. Eating disorders are mental disorders that do not basically concern food problems, but represent an external expression of deeper, unresolved distresses of individual. There are various forms of help for people with eating disorders, among which creative media can have an important role. Through them, individual comes in the contact with his thoughts and feelings in an indirect way. As different researches show, the use of creative media in the context of help and support for people with eating disorders has an important value and is a key complement to traditional forms of help, based on verbal expression. However, the results are mostly taken from foreign authors, while in Slovenia this topic is still quite unexplored. This was also the main reason that led me to explore selected topic. I made a qualitative research, which included four experts, working in the field of help and support for people with eating disorders and for this purpose using creative media. In the context of selected practices, I wanted to explore the basic guidelines that experts follow when using creative media and what influences the choice of creative media. I was also interested in the effects, advantages and cautions, perceived by professionals when using them. Through interviews, I came to the conclusion, that creative media are importantly complementing therapy or counseling. As some of the key guidelines, experts pointed out that more emphasis should be placed on the creative process, rather than on the aesthetic value of what is being generated in the process. They also emphasized that at their work they do not interpret and encourage participants a lot. The positive effects of the use of creative media were established, which include functioning of an individual as a whole, and mostly contribute to a better relationship with themselves and their bodies. The main advantages of using creative media are their nonthreatening approach, the possibility of nonverbal and indirect expression, their contribution to activating an individual and estabilishing communication. Only rare cautions, related to responses of experts, should be considered when working with a target group.

• Keywords: art, therapy, umetnost, terapija